Topic: Conflict / Political Geography: Syria

Author:: Nour Samaha
Publication Date:: 05-2019
Content Type:: Policy Brief
Institution:: European Council on Foreign Relations (ECFR)
Abstract:: As Syria transitions into a post-conflict phase, its government is trying to survive in much the same way it has over the last eight years. This involves a series of short-term fixes, heavy reliance on foreign allies, and a process of endurance it calls the “long breath”. Damascus wants to create a functional system that serves its ambitions, particularly its desire to re-establish strong central control rather than succumb to external demands. Crippling Western sanctions have led to increasingly drastic shortages of fuel and electricity, disrupting the supply – and increasing the price – of essential goods such as food. As a result, the state is increasingly relying on an array of racketeers, oligarchs and war profiteers to circumvent the sanctions, further entrenching Syria’s corruption networks. The West’s expectation that an economic war will eventually force the regime to acquiesce to its demands is short-sighted and counterproductive.
Topic:: Corruption, Sanctions, Conflict, Syrian War, and Bashar al-Assad
Political Geography:: Middle East and Syria

Author:: Yossi Mansharof
Publication Date:: 05-2019
Content Type:: Working Paper
Institution:: Jerusalem Institute for Strategy and Security (JISS)
Abstract:: Israel, Russia and to some extent the US stand in the way of Iran’s permanent entrenchment in Syria. Israel needs to continue its strikes against Iranian and Hezbollah infrastructures across Syria.
Topic:: Terrorism, Military Strategy, Counter-terrorism, Conflict, and Hezbollah
Political Geography:: Iran, Middle East, Israel, Palestine, and Syria

Author:: Jonathan Spyer
Publication Date:: 08-2019
Content Type:: Working Paper
Institution:: Jerusalem Institute for Strategy and Security (JISS)
Abstract:: Turkish forces are also present in northern Iraq, where they are engaged in action against the PKK presence in the Kurdish-controlled north.
Topic:: Military Strategy, Conflict, and Regional Power
Political Geography:: Iraq, Europe, Turkey, Middle East, Syria, and Kurdistan

Author:: Jonathan Spyer
Publication Date:: 10-2019
Content Type:: Working Paper
Institution:: Jerusalem Institute for Strategy and Security (JISS)
Abstract:: While a determined Western-led effort to halt the Turkish invasion could still prevent Russian, Iranian and IS gains, time is growing short.
Topic:: Regional Cooperation, Military Strategy, Islamic State, Conflict, and Foreign Interference
Political Geography:: Russia, Europe, Iran, Turkey, Middle East, Israel, Syria, North America, and United States of America

Author:: Efraim Inbar
Publication Date:: 10-2019
Content Type:: Working Paper
Institution:: Jerusalem Institute for Strategy and Security (JISS)
Abstract:: Trump’s Syria decision accords with previous presidential decisions and is not necessarily a disaster for Israel.
Topic:: Diplomacy, Military Strategy, Leadership, Conflict, and Foreign Interference
Political Geography:: Middle East, Israel, Syria, North America, and United States of America

Author:: Lazar Berman
Publication Date:: 10-2019
Content Type:: Working Paper
Institution:: Jerusalem Institute for Strategy and Security (JISS)
Abstract:: Once again, Kurds are complaining of “betrayal.”
Topic:: International Cooperation, Military Strategy, Hegemony, Conflict, and Foreign Interference
Political Geography:: Turkey, Middle East, Syria, Kurdistan, and United States of America

Author:: Jonathan Spyer
Publication Date:: 10-2019
Content Type:: Working Paper
Institution:: Jerusalem Institute for Strategy and Security (JISS)
Abstract:: Islamic State, that most malignant expression of the Sunni Islamist trend, was the natural enemy of this emergent Kurdish autonomy.
Topic:: Terrorism, Minorities, Islamic State, Conflict, and Autonomy
Political Geography:: Middle East, Syria, and Kurdistan

Author:: Efraim Inbar
Publication Date:: 11-2019
Content Type:: Working Paper
Institution:: Jerusalem Institute for Strategy and Security (JISS)
Abstract:: Israel must adapt as quickly as possible to the evolving situation in northern Syria, while continuing to adhere to self-reliance and invest in its military.
Topic:: Civil War, Military Strategy, Hegemony, and Conflict
Political Geography:: Russia, Iran, Middle East, Israel, and Syria

Author:: Emmanuel Navon
Publication Date:: 11-2019
Content Type:: Working Paper
Institution:: Jerusalem Institute for Strategy and Security (JISS)
Abstract:: Israel is expected by its European interlocutors to condemn Putin over his misdeeds, yet Israel wants to avoid frictions with Russia in order to maintain a free hand to operate against Iranian targets in Syria.
Topic:: International Cooperation, Military Strategy, Hegemony, Conflict, Foreign Interference, and Regional Power
Political Geography:: Russia, Europe, Iran, Middle East, Israel, and Syria

Author:: Melissa Dalton and Hijab Shah
Publication Date:: 03-2019
Content Type:: Working Paper
Institution:: Center for Strategic and International Studies (CSIS)
Abstract:: The Syrian conflict has produced humanitarian consequences of harrowing and tragic proportions. With an estimated 500,000 Syrians killed, the war has prompted the world’s greatest refugee flow since World War II.1 There are 6.2 million internally displaced persons (IDPs) within Syria and 5.3 million refugees in neighboring countries (a total 13 million people affected—for context, the total population estimate for pre-war Syria was 20 million). From January to December 2018, there were an estimated 1.6 million population movements.2 Civilian protection is the most important focus for international humanitarian efforts given the complexity of the Syrian conflict, myriad state and non-state armed actors involved, and continuing incentives for parties to the conflict to use humanitarian access as a political tool.
Topic:: Political Violence, Humanitarian Intervention, Conflict, and Civilians
Political Geography:: Middle East and Syria

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