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841. Survey of SSR Regional and Sub-Regional Networks

Publication Date:
10-2003
Content Type:
Working Paper
Institution:
Global Facilitation Network for Security Sector Reform
Abstract:
The enclosed survey was conducted in order to map all regional and sub regional networks working in the field of Security Sector Reform (SSR) in Africa, Asia, Europe and Latin America and the Caribbean. The objective of mapping SSR networks in these regions is multi-fold. Firstly it is imperative that at a time when security has taken a truly global dimension and span, academics and practitioners alike are aware of the state of SSR in different regions. Certain similarities and patterns emerge during the analysis that offer lessons and directions for actors wishing to become involved in SSR in a particular region, or searching for guidance in applying best practices and lessons learned to particular situations. Secondly, exchange of experience and ideas is especially important in supporting South-South dialogue, but the value of cooperation cannot be overemphasized given the often-unclear context in which SSR activities take place. The mapping exercise serves as an entry-point for practitioners to identify existing networks and their areas of expertise. Opportunities for collaboration are made possible by identifying other organisations that are pursuing similar goals. Additionally, the map of SSR networks serves to identify possible gaps in scope of activity and highlights entry points for other organisations and networks to further the objectives of security sector management and reform. Lastly, this exercise will serve as a vehicle for the GFN-SSR to develop ways to strengthen its activities. One way in which the GFN-SSR is already adding value is through the development of its website, which, inter alia, offers a newsletter in four languages, i.e., English, French, Spanish and Portuguese. An activity to reinforce the access to information for those in areas of poor connectivity is already being developed through the conception of a CD-ROM containing all the existing website information for distribution on a timely basis to interested organisations.
Topic:
Security, Development, and International Organization
Political Geography:
Africa, America, Europe, Asia, South America, Latin America, Central America, and Caribbean

842. Providing Security for the People: Security Sector Reform in Africa

Author:
Ann M. Fitz-Gerald and Anicia Lalá
Publication Date:
11-2003
Content Type:
Working Paper
Institution:
Global Facilitation Network for Security Sector Reform
Abstract:
The subject of Security Sector Reform (SSR) and all its permutations and combinations, has evolved considerably over the last thirty years culminating in a re-branded, more holistic 'package' of actors, policy and programmes. It is an area that now garners interest across the wider security sector, and includes uniformed institutions and organisations such as the police, gendarmerie and the military, as well as the non-uniformed actors that play an important oversight role with regard to political, legislative, and budgetary processes.
Topic:
Security, Defense Policy, and Development
Political Geography:
Africa

843. UNDP: Conference on Justice and Security Sector Reform: Coherence, Cooperation, and Comparative Strengths

Author:
Chris Ferguson
Publication Date:
05-2003
Content Type:
Working Paper
Institution:
Global Facilitation Network for Security Sector Reform
Abstract:
The UNDP's Bureau for Crisis Prevention and Recovery (BCPR) has established a Justice and Security Sector Reform (JSSR) team to provide technical support and assistance to regional Bureaux and Country Offices. This Oslo conference, attended by international donors and Senior NGOs, was organised in association with the Oslo Governance Center, UNDP's Bureau for Development Policy, and the Norwegian Ministry of Foreign Affairs. The conference allowed donors to share their own experiences in the pursuit of JSSR around the world via five structured sessions including a "breakout" session dividing the conference participants into four smaller groups for closer discussion on separate topics. It also enabled informal exchanges between the key global actors in the area of JSSR.
Topic:
Security, Development, Non-Governmental Organization, and United Nations
Political Geography:
Africa

844. First Meeting of the DCAF Africa Working Group

Author:
Aneta Ratynska
Publication Date:
04-2003
Content Type:
Working Paper
Institution:
Global Facilitation Network for Security Sector Reform
Abstract:
The 1st Meeting of the DCAF Africa Working Group was held in Geneva, Switzerland on April 24, 2003. The objective of the Meeting was to facilitate the exchange of views, expertise and experience among participants involved in SSR related work in Africa, and to advise DCAF on programming for the region. Participants at the conference represented government, civil society, academic institutions, and donor and recipient countries.
Topic:
Security, Development, and International Cooperation
Political Geography:
Geneva, Africa, and Switzerland

845. Managing the Defense Budget Process

Author:
Nicole Ball
Publication Date:
03-2003
Content Type:
Working Paper
Institution:
Global Facilitation Network for Security Sector Reform
Abstract:
Sound fiscal management of the entire security sector is essential if a country is to have effective, efficient and professional security forces that are capable of protecting the state and its population against internal and external threats. Highly autonomous security forces that are able to act with impunity in the economic and political spheres are invariably professionally weak and highly cost-ineffective. Because the armed forces in many African countries absorb the majority of resources allocated to the security sector and tend to have a high degree of political autonomy, there is a good deal of interest in the process by which defense budgets are developed, implemented and monitored.
Topic:
Security, Development, and Political Economy
Political Geography:
Africa

846. Report on the Current Position with Regard to the Security Sector in Ethiopia

Author:
Jeffrey Isima
Publication Date:
02-2003
Content Type:
Working Paper
Institution:
Global Facilitation Network for Security Sector Reform
Abstract:
Located within one of the most volatile, conflict-ridden, drought-prone and poorest regions of Africa –– the Horn of Africa –– the Federal Democratic Republic of Ethiopia is currently faced with a daunting challenge of transforming its political and economic systems for sustainable development.
Topic:
Security, Democratization, and Development
Political Geography:
Africa and Ethiopia

847. DDR Framework: Burundi

Author:
Chris Ferguson and Jeffrey Isima
Publication Date:
01-2003
Content Type:
Working Paper
Institution:
Global Facilitation Network for Security Sector Reform
Abstract:
Report written for DFID to summarise information on and make suggestions for Disarmament, Demobilisation and Reintegration (DDR) in Burundi. Produced using DFID internal reports.
Topic:
Conflict Resolution, Democratization, and Development
Political Geography:
Africa and Burundi

848. The GFN-SSR's Report on - A Framework for Lasting Disarmament, Demobilization, and Reintegration of Former Combatants in Crisis Situations

Author:
Ann M. Fitz-Gerald
Publication Date:
01-2003
Content Type:
Working Paper
Institution:
Global Facilitation Network for Security Sector Reform
Abstract:
The meeting was held at German House and hosted by the Germany's Permanent Mission to the UN. The agenda for the meeting and the guiding questions for each panel are attached. David Malone (IPA) and Julia Taft (UNDP) gave opening remarks with UNDP in particular stressing the need to assess whether or not the UN was correctly balancing the three components of DDR. Julia Taft also stated that significant sums of money had been promised for DDR in the DRC but had not come through. For this reason, she was anxious to hear from the donors in the group to see if they could discuss their intentions for future funding. Lastly, both the IPA and UNDP were interested in developing standards and guidelines for DDR programmes if, during the seminar, it became clear that a demand existed for the production of such materials.
Topic:
Conflict Prevention, Development, Regional Cooperation, and United Nations
Political Geography:
Africa and Germany

849. Banking Reform and Development in the Middle East and Africa

Author:
Catherine Boone and Henry Clement
Publication Date:
03-2003
Content Type:
Working Paper
Institution:
Centro de Investigación y Docencia Económicas
Abstract:
This study underscores the strategic role —both political and economic— of banking sector reform in the overall pursuit of economic development and democratization. It compares trajectories of banking sector reform in Middle Eastern and African countries that have remained on the margins of the new global economy. A close look shows that there governments' willingness to embrace reform has differed across contexts, as has the extent and pace of reform. Meanwhile, the effects of reform have also been very uneven. We model this variation in reform trajectories and its outcomes, propose a theoretical explanation for it, and use a set of case studies to illustrate the contrasts and causal dynamics that we have identified. Our main claim is that structural features of national political economies go far in defining actual trajectories of banking sector reform and liberalization. Structural features of national political economies that we define as key are the strength of indigenous private sector, and how it is linked to the state and foreign capital. We propose a typology of banking structure and reform trajectories and use case studies from the Middle East and Africa to illustrate variation in the politics of banking sector reform.
Topic:
Development and Political Economy
Political Geography:
Africa, United States, Middle East, Canada, North America, and Mexico

850. Liberalizaci ó n Commercial y Reforma Burocr á tica en El Área de Tratados Comerciales Internacionales en México.

Author:
Jorge A. Schiavon and Antonio Ortiz Mena
Publication Date:
02-2003
Content Type:
Working Paper
Institution:
Centro de Investigación y Docencia Económicas
Abstract:
The central trade policy priority of the last two administrations (Carlos Salinas de Gortari, 1988-1994, and Ernesto Zedillo Ponce de León, 1994-2000) was the negotiation and the implementation of one very important and ambitious free trade agreement each, the North American Free Trade Agreement and the Mexico-European Union Free Trade Agreement respectively. This working paper explains how and why both administrations were able to successfully deal with the delegation problems that chief-executive principals face with their bureaucratic agents, through a series of institutional reforms. The main argument is that both Salinas and Zedillo had to deal with three specific agency problems: adverse selection, moral hazard, and incomplete enforcement, and that given the characteristics of the Mexican political system prevailing at that time, they were able to successfully solve these problems. These institutional reforms in the foreign economic policy should be understood as a response to agency problems, and not as a reflection of the personal governing style of Salinas and Zedillo.
Topic:
Foreign Policy, Development, and Treaties and Agreements
Political Geography:
Africa and North America