Publication Year: within 5 Years and within 10 Years / Topic: Higher Education

1. Outlook 2030 Brief: The U.S. and International Education

Author:: Allan E. Goodman and Mirka Martel
Publication Date:: 03-2024
Content Type:: Special Report
Institution:: Institute of International Education (IIE)
Abstract:: For over a century, the United States has been the leading destination for international students. Unlike higher education systems elsewhere, the U.S. maintains a decentralized public and private tertiary education system where international students may apply and enroll at the state, city, and local levels. This annual brief presents key trends in academic mobility to the United States, comparing annual findings to our projections, and suggestions for campus planning to accommodate the anticipated growth in international students.
Topic:: Education, Higher Education, Students, and International Exchange
Political Geography:: North America and United States of America

2. An Economic Mirage: How Canadian Universities Impact Freedom to Operate

Author:: James Hinton, Mardi Witzel, and Joanna Wajda
Publication Date:: 04-2023
Content Type:: Working Paper
Institution:: Centre for International Governance Innovation (CIGI)
Abstract:: Canada’s universities drive research and innovation, but when publicly funded institutions partner with foreign firms and countries, who is the biggest beneficiary? Not Canada or the Canadian economy. According to the authors of this paper, foreign entities that invest in Canadian research often take their intellectual property (IP) (and the money it generates) out of the country, leaving Canadian taxpayers holding the bill, unable to benefit from the economic return on their investment. This paper looks at the U15, a collective of some of Canada’s most research-intensive universities, accounting for 79 percent of all competitively allocated research funding in Canada and 83 percent of all contracted private sector research in Canada. With a focus on research outcomes, specifically IP, this paper examines patent data; IP ownership; and the impact on freedom to operate, an indicator of Canadian firms’ ability to commercialize their technology, to maximize Canada’s return on investment.
Topic:: Economics, Education, Higher Education, and Freedom
Political Geography:: Canada and North America

3. A Brief History of Senior International Officers on U.S. Higher Education Campuses

Author:: Allan E. Goodman and Mirka Martel
Publication Date:: 02-2023
Content Type:: Special Report
Institution:: Institute of International Education (IIE)
Abstract:: A Brief History of Senior International Officers on U.S. Higher Education Campuses captures the diversity of SIO roles, their varied accomplishments and challenges, and the tools and strategies needed to make them most successful. Based on survey data and select interviews with 200 SIOs from across the United States, our findings reflect the complexities of SIO responsibilities and priorities. Collected during the COVID-19 pandemic, our research focuses on strategic factors and considerations for success as SIOs navigate the path forward. We hope that the findings from our research contribute to an important and wider discussion about the SIO role on U.S. higher education campuses and its need to continue to advocate for internationalization and academic exchange.
Topic:: Higher Education, Internationalization, and Academic Exchange
Political Geography:: Global Focus and United States of America

4. Spring 2023 Snapshot on International Educational Exchange

Author:: Julie Baer and Mirka Martel
Publication Date:: 06-2023
Content Type:: Special Report
Institution:: Institute of International Education (IIE)
Abstract:: The Spring 2023 Snapshot on International Educational Exchange continues the commitment of the Institute of International Education (IIE) to map the current state of international educational exchange to and from the United States. The report presents data from 527 U.S. higher education institutions in two sections: (1) current trends in international students studying at U.S. institutions in spring 2023 and recruitment patterns for prospective students and (2) the realities of U.S. study abroad in summer 2023 and academic year 2023/24. Each section is supplemented by special analyses on underrepresented populations participating in international educational exchange. On inbound mobility, we present data on non-degree international students and refugees and displaced students. The study abroad section includes insights on data collection of underrepresented populations in study abroad, including students with high financial need, first generation students, and other populations.
Topic:: Education, Higher Education, Students, and International Exchange
Political Geography:: North America and United States of America

5. Why Columbia Should Invest in Vietnam and Vietnamese Studies: Conversation with Peter Mach

Author:: Peter Mach and Lien-Hang T. Nguyen
Publication Date:: 11-2023
Content Type:: Video
Institution:: Weatherhead East Asian Institute, Columbia University
Abstract:: Born and raised in Vietnam, Peter Mach graduated from Columbia University with a BA in 1995 and a Master’s degree in 1996 after migrating to the United States as part of the Amerasian Homecoming Act. He worked in finance as an Executive Director at Goldman Sachs in New York and Hong Kong between 1996 and 2002 and as a Managing Director at Credit Suisse in Hong Kong between 2002 and 2007. In 2007, Peter co-founded Vietbridge Capital, a fund management company that specialized in investing in equities and real estate development projects in Vietnam. In 2011, Peter was a partner at the hedge fund HDH Capital Advisors in Singapore, which specializes in M&A and investing with event-driven strategies across many sectors and instruments (equities, high-yield bonds, equity derivatives, etc.). In 2012, Peter established a non-profit educational organization called AMA Vietnam Ltd in Singapore, helping underprivileged students and teachers in Vietnam with scholarships and motivational work. In 2014, he co-founded Tanzanite International Ltd to invest in and develop luxury resort and residential properties in Vietnam. In 2022, Peter was a featured speaker at WEAI’s conferences in Hanoi and Ho Chi Minh City, “Understand the Past/Transform the Future”. Peter is also a member of the Global Advisory Board of Fulbright University of Vietnam, as well as a board member of an educational foundation in Vietnam called “Technology For All,” which provides full scholarships and internships to underprivileged students at the prestigious Ho Chi Minh University of Technology. Peter will engage in a conversation with WEAI Director Lien-Hang Nguyen on the importance of Vietnam for Columbia on the higher education geopolitical landscape.
Topic:: Geopolitics, Investment, Higher Education, and Columbia University
Political Geography:: Vietnam and Southeast Asia

6. U.S. Coast Guard Academy Admissions Process Assessment

Author:: David Chu, Erik Bergrud, Jennifer Brinkerhoff, Michael Dominguez, and Kyle Farmbry
Publication Date:: 03-2023
Content Type:: Special Report
Institution:: The National Academy of Public Administration (NAPA)
Abstract:: The U.S. Coast Guard Academy (USCGA), located in New London, CT, is a four-year, tuition-free federal service academy that prepares its cadets physically, intellectually, and ethically for careers in the U.S. Coast Guard (USCG). Graduates earn a commission as an Ensign and are obligated to serve five years in the service. Cadets can earn a Bachelor of Science degree in one of nine engineering and professional majors while also participating in intercollegiate and club athletics, music, community service, and other extracurricular activities. Section 8272 and Section 8274 of the Coast Guard Academy Improvement Act, part of the National Defense Authorization Act for FY 2021, required the Secretary of Homeland Security to contract with the National Academy of Public Administration (NAPA) to conduct two discrete one-year studies focusing on the USCGA. The first study, completed in February 2022, assessed the USCGA’s cultural competency. This study assessed USCGA’s admission processes and concluded in May 2023. The admissions assessment included: A study of the process USCGA uses to identify candidates for recruitment, recruit applicants, assist applicants in the application process, evaluate applicants, and make admissions decisions. A discussion of the consideration during the admissions process of diversity, including race, ethnicity, gender, religion, sexual orientation, socioeconomic background, and geographic origin. An overview of the admissions processes at other Federal service academies, including a discussion of diversity and analysis of how the congressional nominations requirement impacts those processes and overall student demographics. A determination regarding how a congressional nomination requirement for CGA admissions could impact diversity among the student body and the ability of the USCG to effectively carry out the Service’s primary duties. Recommendations for improving USCGA admissions processes, including whether a congressional nominations process should be integrated, and for restructuring the admissions office to be headed by a civilian with significant relevant higher education recruitment experience.
Topic:: Armed Forces, Higher Education, Coast Guard, and Admissions
Political Geography:: North America and United States of America

7. International Visitor Leadership Program

Author:: Evgenia Valuy and Leslie Cordova
Publication Date:: 06-2023
Content Type:: Special Report
Institution:: Institute of International Education (IIE)
Abstract:: The International Visitor Leadership Program (IVLP) is the U.S. Department of State’s (DOS’s) premier professional exchange program. Through short-term exchanges with interlocutors in the United States, current and emerging foreign leaders in a variety of fields develop lasting relationships with their American counterparts. Meetings reflect the participants’ professional interests and support the foreign policy goals of the United States. The DOS Bureau of Educational and Cultural Affairs (ECA) Office of International Visitors administers the IVLP in cooperation with a group of nonprofit organizations along with community-based organizations across the country that are members of the Global Ties U.S. network. The Institute of International Education (IIE) has served as the DOS’ implementing partner for many years, providing highly tailored experiential professional programming (including guest speakers, subject matter experts, workshops, site visits, etc.) and logistical support to thousands of participants. In support of ECA’s effort to evaluate the long-term impact of IVLP, IIE proposed developing an impact report based on select projects administered between 2018 and 2020. This impact evaluation explores how the IVLP contributes to U.S. foreign policy and enhances global collaboration between nations by creating a platform and opportunities for international and American leaders to exchange knowledge, strengthen skills, seek solutions for global and local problems, and discuss innovative ideas. This impact evaluation contributes to the successful achievement of IIE’s IVLP Cooperative Agreement (Award) for 2018–2020 and to the IVLP’s goals.
Topic:: Foreign Policy, Higher Education, Academic Exchange, and Professional Education
Political Geography:: North America and United States of America

8. Finding Firmer Ground: The Role of Higher Education in U.S.-China Relations

Author:: Yawei Liu and Michael Cerny
Publication Date:: 04-2022
Content Type:: Special Report
Institution:: The Carter Center
Abstract:: This annual report is the third issue of the Carter Center’s Finding Firmer Ground series on U.S.-China Relations. This series is published by the Carter Center’s China Focus with generous support from the Ford Foundation and other organizations.
Topic:: Education, Bilateral Relations, Higher Education, and Rivalry
Political Geography:: China, Asia, North America, and United States of America

9. Countering Violent Extremism on Campuses A Faculty-Oriented Policy Brief

Author:: Park Institute for Peace Studies
Publication Date:: 05-2022
Content Type:: Special Report
Institution:: Pak Institute for Peace Studies (PIPS)
Abstract:: Violent extremism (VE) has been a particular challenge for Pakistan at least for the last four decades. As with other spheres of life, a rise in ideological support for hate and divisive narratives in universities across Pakistan has resulted in multiple instances of violence, both within and beyond campuses. There is the prospect of faculty members helping perpetuate VE narratives and mindsets in universities, knowingly or due to lack of awareness and understanding of the underlying drivers and contextual factors. Amid the faculty’s inability to effectively push counter-violent extremism (CVE) messages, there has been a lack of reinforcement of values and ideas that promote pluralism and tolerance, particularly at public universities. This policy brief is aimed at benefiting from key stakeholders’ perspectives to lay out in broad strokes a vision to tackle violent extremist influences at universities. It summarizes the key findings from an exercise aimed at sensitization and capacity building of selected faculty members from six universities in Multan and Karachi and related activities over a period of four months. The programme sought to build capacity of the educators to help them identify and tackle extremist tendencies, support counter-narratives and promote interfaith harmony and appreciation of diversity. The policy brief concludes with a set of recommendations for a range of stakeholders to promote positive values and respect for diversity among the faculty and students of universities in Pakistan. Particularly emphasized is the importance of ensuring a safe environment on campuses, not just for counter-narratives but also for a free exchange of ideas and critical thinking which is the essence of the academic environment.
Topic:: Violent Extremism, Violence, Higher Education, Academia, and Schools
Political Geography:: Pakistan and Middle East

10. Affirmative action with no major switching: Evidence from a top university in Brazil

Author:: Rodrigo C. Oliveira, Alei Santos, and Edson Severnini
Publication Date:: 03-2022
Content Type:: Working Paper
Institution:: United Nations University
Abstract:: Affirmative action in higher education may lead to mismatch, a situation where students benefiting from preferential admission struggle with their college-level work because of poor precollege academic preparation. In the United States, those students can switch majors if they underperform in the originally intended major. Only in the extreme may they drop out. What happens when major switching is not allowed? In this paper, we examine the margins of adjustment for beneficiaries of affirmative action in a top university in Brazil, where prospective students must choose a major prior to the entrance test, and cannot switch it while in college. Surprisingly, we do not find a larger effect on dropout rates relative to the United States, and also provide evidence of strong catching up for students who remain in school. Because they fail more courses early on, to successfully graduate students benefiting from preferential admission end up reducing the number of credit hours taken in the first and second college years, but compensate by taking more credit hours in the final years.
Topic:: Higher Education, Students, and Affirmative Action
Political Geography:: Brazil and South America

11. The Role of Non-Pecuniary Considerations: Location Decisions of College Graduates from Low Income Backgrounds

Author:: Yifan Gong, Todd Stinebrickner, Yuxi Yao, and Ralph Stinebrickner
Publication Date:: 01-2022
Content Type:: Working Paper
Institution:: Centre for Human Capital and Productivity (CHCP), Western University
Abstract:: We examine the initial post-college geographic location decisions of students from hometowns in the Appalachian region that often lack substantial high-skilled job opportunities, focusing on the role of non-pecuniary considerations. Novel survey questions allow us to measure the full non-pecuniary benefits of each relevant geographic location, in dollar equivalents. A new specification test is designed and implemented to provide evidence about the quality of these non-pecuniary measures. Supplementing perceived location choice probabilities and expectations about pecuniary factors with our new non-pecuniary measures allows a new approach for obtaining a comprehensive understanding of the importance of pecuniary and non-pecuniary factors for location decisions. We compare this approach to alternative expectations-based approaches. We also combine the non-pecuniary measures with realized location and earnings outcomes to characterize inequality in overall welfare.
Topic:: Income Inequality, Welfare, Higher Education, Data, and Location Choice
Political Geography:: North America, United States of America, and Appalachia

12. Spring 2022 Snapshot on International Educational Exchange

Author:: Mirka Martel and Julie Baer
Publication Date:: 06-2022
Content Type:: Special Report
Institution:: Institute of International Education (IIE)
Abstract:: The Spring 2022 Snapshot on International Educational Exchange continues the commitment of the Institute of International Education (IIE) to map the effects of key current events, especially the COVID-19 pandemic, on international educational exchange to and from the United States. Since 2005, we have released the Fall International Student Enrollment Snapshot to understand the most up-to-date enrollment trends at the start of each academic year.i Since early 2020, we have released four COVID-19 Snapshot Reports to map the effects of COVID-19 on U.S. colleges and universities.ii This Spring Snapshot builds on both sets of snapshot surveys while expanding our analysis in the COVID-19 series to include other emerging trends affecting student mobility. In the spring of 2022, most U.S. colleges and universities continue to rebound from the effects of the COVID-19 pandemic. With increasing levels of international student and faculty mobility, our report analyzes the effects of this reopening on international students studying at U.S. institutions and U.S. students traveling abroad. In addition to COVID-19 effects, we include a special section on the Ukraine crisis and U.S. institutions’ support to international students from Ukraine and Russia, as well as the realities of university partnerships with higher education institutions in the region. The Ukraine crisis, and its effect on international students and universities worldwide, remind us of the significant impact that conflict can have on international education. The four sections of the report present data from 559 U.S. higher education institutions and analyze (1) international students studying at U.S. institutions in spring 2022 and application and selection processes for prospective students, (2) the effects of the Ukraine crisis on international student mobility and university partnerships, (3) the prospects of international students on U.S. campuses in fall 2022 and their mode of study, and (4) realities of U.S. study abroad in spring 2022 and academic year 2022/23.
Topic:: Education, Higher Education, COVID-19, and International Exchange
Political Geography:: Global Focus and United States of America

13. University Participatory Budgets. From Municipalities to Higher Education?

Author:: Mariusz Poplawski
Publication Date:: 06-2022
Content Type:: Journal Article
Journal:: Polish Political Science Yearbook
Institution:: Polish Political Science Association (PPSA)
Abstract:: The participatory budget is an important element of the catalogue of tools for involving residents in the local decision-making. The positive effects of involving many citizens in the decision-making process slowly bear fruit in attempts to transfer p.b. into other spheres. This article analyses how these well-known patterns are adapted to new conditions – at universities. Several of them decided to introduce their own participatory budget. A comparative analysis of the local government model and solutions adopted by three universities provides the answer to this question. The hypothesis assumes that the civic budget at universities and polytechnics is, for the most part, a modification of the model used in cities with district status. As shown, the municipal participatory budget is a proven basis for creating its own regulations. However, the available schemes should be modified.
Topic:: Economics, Higher Education, Participation, and Schools
Political Geography:: Europe and Poland

14. Lived Experiences of Women Academicians in Higher Education Institutions of Azad Jammu and Kashmir

Author:: Farooq Abdullah and Hazir Ullah
Publication Date:: 07-2022
Content Type:: Journal Article
Journal:: South Asian Studies
Institution:: Department of Political Science, University of the Punjab
Abstract:: Studies in different socio-cultural contexts have found that women academics face structural and cultural obstacles and barriers. Less is known about the lived experiences of women academics in the context of Azad Jammu and Kashmir. This study explores the lived experiences of women academicians in coeducation higher education institutions (HEIs) / universites of Azad Jammu and Kashmir (AJK), Pakistan. The main objective of the study was to know the working relationships and interactions between women academicians with their men colleagues and students. We also attempted to unpack how women academicians manage their families and academic responsibilities. The data for the study come from sixteen in-depth interviews with women academicians in two public sector coeducation universities/ HEIs of AJK. The respondents were selected with the help of purposive sampling technique. We processed and analyzed the collected data inline with the qualitative data analysis technique. We enagegd Walby‟s (1990) concept of pubic and private patriarchy. Our study findings/results unpacked the explicit and implicit disparities and discrimination faced by women academicians in the prevailing patriarchal structure of higher education institutions of AJK. The findings advance and further the existing debate on the lived experiences of women academicians in HEIs with new insights from the specific context of AJK.
Topic:: Women, Feminism, Higher Education, Patriarchy, and Gender
Political Geography:: Pakistan and South Asia

15. China’s international higher education environment: change and stasis

Author:: The University of Sydney China Studies Centre
Publication Date:: 08-2022
Content Type:: Policy Brief
Institution:: China Studies Centre, The University of Sydney
Abstract:: It seems that China’s international higher education environment may be changing. This roundtable discussion focuses on the following 4 topics: 1. Several of China’s leading universities have announced their withdrawal from international ranking schemes. How do more China-focussed measures of performance feed into the push for world-class universities. 2. There seems to be a push to discourage Chinese students from going overseas for international education opportunities, as for example in the postponement of US placement exams and continuing concerns about Covid-19 pandemic control. Is this likely to continue, and if so for how long and under what conditions 3. What are the prospects for recruitment of Chinese students to Australian universities. 4. What are the prospects for China’s international cooperation in higher education, both in research and in delivery of joint venture programs and institutions in China. The discussion was chaired and moderated by Anthony Welch of Sydney School of Education and Social Work, the University of Sydney, and the speakers include academic managers and leaders, academics with an interest in international higher education (China’s and more generally), and those with experience of joint venture higher education institutions.
Topic:: Education, Higher Education, COVID-19, and Study Abroad
Political Geography:: China and Asia

16. Scholarly Ties, Cooperative Research, Academic Dialogue, and International Student Exchanges in US‒Taiwan Relations

Author:: Randall L. Nadeau
Publication Date:: 07-2022
Content Type:: Special Report
Institution:: East-West Center
Abstract:: Dr. Randall L. Nadeau, PhD, Executive Director of the Foundation for Scholarly Exchange (Fulbright Taiwan), explains the importance of "strengthen[ing] educational and cultural exchanges between the United States and Taiwan, especially in light of worsening relations between the United States and the People’s Republic of China."
Topic:: Bilateral Relations, Higher Education, Students, and Dialogue
Political Geography:: Taiwan, Asia, North America, and United States of America

17. Labor and Politics in the Middle East and North Africa

Author:: Dina Bishara, Ian Hartshorn, Marc Lynch, Samar Abdelmageed, and Ashley Anderson
Publication Date:: 01-2022
Content Type:: Research Paper
Institution:: Project on Middle East Political Science (POMEPS)
Abstract:: Economic grievances were at the heart of the Arab uprisings which erupted a decade ago. The centrality of those grievances and the workers articulating them has led to a growing research community focused on organized labor in the Middle East and North Africa. In April 2021, Dina Bishara and Ian Hartshorn convened a virtual workshop through Cornell University’s School of Industrial and Labor Relations bringing together a wide range of scholars writing in the area. POMEPS then invited those participants, as well as others who had not presented papers, to participate in a follow-on workshop to continue the discussion in September 2021. The papers in this collection are one of the fruits of this increasingly robust scholarly network.
Topic:: Economics, Politics, Labor Issues, Employment, Regulation, Arab Spring, Youth, Protests, Unions, Higher Education, COVID-19, Gulf Cooperation Council, and Activism
Political Geography:: Turkey, Middle East, Algeria, Saudi Arabia, North Africa, Egypt, Jordan, Tunisia, and Gulf Nations

18. South Asian Universities: Effect of Personality Traits on Procrastination of Students at University Level

Author:: Ghazala Noureen, Anam Noshaba, Mahnoor Naveed, and Nadia Saleem
Publication Date:: 01-2021
Content Type:: Journal Article
Journal:: South Asian Studies
Institution:: Department of Political Science, University of the Punjab
Abstract:: This study examined the effect of personality traits on procrastination of university students. All the students enrolled in public and private universities of the Punjab were population of the study. Sample was comprised of 500 students which were selected through convenient sampling technique. Due to Covid-19 convenient sampling technique was used. Two instruments were used to measure personality traits and procrastination. Big Five Inventory was used to measure personality traits and 20-item Procrastination Scale was used to measure procrastination. Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) was used to analyze the data. It was found that sample data fit the hypothetical model well. Randomly selected large sample is recommended to further probe the cause-effect relationship of variables understudy.
Topic:: Education, Labor Issues, Psychology, Higher Education, Students, and Personality
Political Geography:: South Asia and Asia

19. Innovating Higher Education – EIT launches a EUR 27 million call

Author:: Katarína Svitková
Publication Date:: 05-2021
Content Type:: Policy Brief
Institution:: Europeum Institute for European Policy
Abstract:: Our Associate Research Fellow Katarína Svitková has written the third article of the new publication series EUROPEUM: 2021–2027 Horizon Europe. In her policy brief, Katarína focuses on the issue of education, which, like many other sectors, underwent a fundamental change during the pandemic. She also presents the Innovation Capacity Building for Higher Education program. The year of 2020 and its series of abrupt and unprecedented changes did not spare the field of higher education. With the start of the global pandemic in the spring of 2020, universities and research institutions were forced to transition a remote form of work, research and instruction. Having overcome the initial shock and transformation phase, a majority of higher education institutions are currently running their third semester partially or entirely online. The past year thus brought fundamental changes in the way universities work, and boosted the debate about the very objectives and purpose of higher education. Debates over its efficiency and effectiveness were revived, deepening the existing argumentation divide between the advocates of quantitative outputs measurement (such as employability or GDP) on one hand, and qualitative social sciences approach geared towards intangible skills such as critical thinking, on the other. The program titled Innovation Capacity Building for Higher Education falls under the 2021 – 2027 EIT Strategy, and its overall objective is to boost innovation and entrepreneurship at European higher education institutions. In line with the general funding priorities of the EU’s Horizon framework, it builds on connecting higher education and research organizations across the EU to build capacities in the sector, which is key for future development and prosperity of Europe.
Topic:: European Union, Innovation, Higher Education, and COVID-19
Political Geography:: Europe

20. Innis Lecture: Return on Student Loans in Canada

Author:: Lance Lochner, Qian Liu, and Martin Gervais
Publication Date:: 07-2021
Content Type:: Working Paper
Institution:: Centre for Human Capital and Productivity (CHCP), Western University
Abstract:: This paper uses new administrative data with detailed borrower information and lengthy repayment histories from the Canada Student Loans Program (CSLP) to measure rates of return on undergraduate student loans. We document substantial heterogeneity in returns based on information available at the time loans were disbursed, including province of residence, field of study, and institution of attendance. Field of study is a particularly important determinant of rates of return, explaining 22% of the variation in predicted returns across borrowers. We explore the implications of this variation for CSLP cross-subsidization across borrowers and potential risk-based loan limits. Given the variation in ex ante predicted returns across borrowers, using all available information at the time of loan disbursement, we study the implications of potential cream-skimming of high-return borrowers by private lenders.
Topic:: Debt, Economics, Investment, Higher Education, and Student Loans
Political Geography:: Canada and North America

21. Getting Schooled: The Role of Universities in Attracting Immigrant Entrepreneurs

Author:: Natee Amornsiripanitch, Paul A. Gompers, George Hu, and Kaushik Vasudevan
Publication Date:: 12-2021
Content Type:: Policy Brief
Institution:: The Cato Institute
Abstract:: Immigrants play a vital role in innovation activities and entrepreneurship. Given the substantial contribution of immigrants in these areas, a set of natural questions arise: What are the pathways that high‐skilled immigrants take to arrive in the United States, and how has the importance of these pathways changed over time? What are important institutions that serve as gatekeepers for high‐skilled immigrants, and do they affect the types of immigrant founders that come to the United States? Do certain parts of the United States benefit disproportionately from high‐skilled immigration, and if so, what are some factors that contribute to these benefits? The answers to these questions have important implications for designing immigration policy and regulation, which have become increasingly acrimonious topics in public discourse. They also have important implications for firms and universities that recruit talent from abroad and for the communities that hope to promote vibrant entrepreneurial ecosystems.
Topic:: Entrepreneurship, Immigrants, Innovation, Higher Education, and Startup
Political Geography:: North America and United States of America

22. Was Irving Babbitt an Educational Counterrevolutionist?

Author:: Eric Adler
Publication Date:: 02-2021
Content Type:: Journal Article
Journal:: Humanitas
Institution:: The Center for the Study of Statesmanship, Catholic University
Abstract:: Admirers of the work of Irving Babbitt (1865-1933), the chief figure associated with an informal school of literary and social criticism called New Humanism, have long recognized that many of Babbitt’s critics have failed to take seriously—or even to understand—his ideas. According to the political philosopher Claes Ryn, for example, even during Babbitt’s lifetime “reckless distortions of his ideas gained wide currency.” The caustic debates surrounding New Humanism that took place in the early decades of the twentieth century, it seems, encouraged critics to contribute tendentious and careless appraisals of Babbitt’s work. Such partisan and misleading critiques continue to influence assessments of Babbitt today. The one hundredth anniversary of Rousseau and Romanticism, arguably the author’s quintessential monograph, provides an excellent opportunity to revisit assumptions about Babbitt’s ideas. This article will make the case that some scholars of American higher education have proved especially egregious distorters of Babbitt’s thought.
Topic:: Education, Intelligence, Literature, and Higher Education
Political Geography:: North America and United States of America

23. Higher Education and Social Innovation Ecosystem in Ghana

Author:: InnoHub Ghana
Publication Date:: 12-2021
Content Type:: Working Paper
Institution:: The Nkafu Policy Institute
Abstract:: Higher education institutions (HEIs) are widely regarded as agents of human transformation and social development, and as such, are expected to play active roles in the change process in society. This expectation is based on the premise that higher education institutions play a leading role in teaching, learning, research, and facilitating the innovation of process, policies, and human contributions. This policy brief looks at the contributions by higher education institutions in sub-Saharan Africa (moreso in Ghana) to social innovation and societal development. The literature points out the challenges, policies, and existing practices by the various institutions to alleviate these challenges.
Topic:: Education, Innovation, Higher Education, and Social Innovation
Political Geography:: Africa and Ghana

24. West African Elites’ Spending on UK Schools and Universities: A Closer Look

Author:: Matthew Page
Publication Date:: 01-2021
Content Type:: Working Paper
Institution:: Carnegie Endowment for International Peace
Abstract:: Political, business, and cultural elites from around the world have a strong affinity for the United Kingdom (UK) education system. Nowhere is this truer than in West Africa, where some families in Nigeria and Ghana have a long tradition of sending their children to private boarding schools and universities in the UK. These institutions are especially popular destinations for the offspring of prominent politically exposed persons (PEPs) from the region. Immigration officials, admissions staff, and UK law enforcement are not likely to scrutinize the conditions under which the children of PEPs enroll in British schools, even though the PEPs themselves may have modest legitimate earnings and opaque asset profiles that in other circumstances would raise serious financial concerns. This relative lack of review has allowed some West African PEPs to channel unexplained wealth into the UK education sector. It is not easy to estimate the overall value of this flow, yet it likely exceeds £30 million annually.1 Most of these funds emanate from Nigeria and, to a lesser extent, Ghana; compared with these two countries, only a handful of students from elsewhere in West Africa seek an education in British schools. Tackling this small but significant illicit financial flow should be a priority for UK policymakers. In doing so, they would be helping to realize the UK’s global anticorruption objectives, advance its International Education Strategy, and close a troublesome anti–money laundering (AML) loophole. Failing to do so would exacerbate existing corruption challenges both at home and abroad and increase the UK education sector’s reputational liabilities.
Topic:: Corruption, Education, Law Enforcement, Higher Education, and Elites
Political Geography:: Africa, United Kingdom, Europe, and West Africa

25. The Academic Jobs Crisis: A Forum

Author:: Daniel Bessner and Michael Brenes
Publication Date:: 04-2021
Content Type:: Commentary and Analysis
Institution:: The Society for Historians of American Foreign Relations (SHAFR)
Abstract:: The U.S. academic job market is in total freefall. As the American Historical Association’s (AHA) 2020 jobs report bluntly stated, “History Ph.D.s who graduated in the past decade encountered fewer opportunities and more competition on the academic job market than any cohort of Ph.D.s since the 1970s.”1 And this was before the COVID-19 pandemic, which, the 2021 jobs report noted, has resulted in numerous “program closures, enrollment declines, and faculty layoffs.”2 It’s not an exaggeration to say that, even if things improved tomorrow (which they won’t), there will be several “lost generations” of historians who will never secure stable academic employment. The Society for Historians of American Foreign Relations (SHAFR) is well aware of these depressing and disturbing trends. Under the leadership of past-SHAFR presidents Barbara Keys and Kristin Hoganson, the organization recently established a Jobs Crisis Task Force to begin to deal with the new material and structural realities of U.S. higher education.
Topic:: Labor Issues, Higher Education, Academia, and Diplomatic History
Political Geography:: United States

26. The Role of International Educational Exchange in Turkish Foreign Policy as a Reconstructed Soft Power Tool

Author:: Fatma Aslı Kelkitli
Publication Date:: 01-2021
Content Type:: Journal Article
Journal:: All Azimuth: A Journal of Foreign Policy and Peace
Institution:: Center for Foreign Policy and Peace Research
Abstract:: International educational exchange has been used frequently as a foreign policy instrument by leading actors of the international arena since the post-Second World War years. This article on the other hand, aims to throw light on the policies and actions of a middle power; namely, Turkey, which has been designing various international scholarship programs for foreign policy ends since the early 1990s. Following a brief evaluation of the international educational exchange programs launched by the USA, Russia, the UK, the EU and China for foreign policy purposes, the study examines the Great Student Exchange Project introduced by Turkey in 1992 to carve out an influential place for itself in the South Caucasus and Central Asia. It will then delve into the Türkiye Scholarships Program, Mevlana Exchange Program and the scholarship programs of the Türkiye Diyanet Foundation, which have been introduced during the Justice and Development Party period to build up and/or boost friendly ties between Turkey and various targeted countries. The study finalizes by investigating the impact of these scholarship programs on the realization of Turkey’s foreign policy goals by exploring to what extent the sending countries align their foreign policy preferences with those of Turkey through analysis of their voting behaviours in the United Nations General Assembly.
Topic:: Foreign Policy, Education, Soft Power, Higher Education, and Scholarships
Political Geography:: Turkey and Middle East

27. First Response: Initial COVID-19 Actions from the IIENetwork

Author:: Clare Overmann, Lindsay Calvert, and Sylvia Jons
Publication Date:: 02-2021
Content Type:: Policy Brief
Institution:: Institute of International Education (IIE)
Abstract:: At the onset of the COVID-19 crisis, IIE launched the IIE Network Engagement Series, which consists of thought leadership webinars and interactive small group discussions, called Day-by-Days. These events offered a platform for practitioners and leaders from the field to share their experiences from the first weeks and months of the crisis. These responses and others are captured in this publication to highlight the practices that worked during COVID-19 and to act as an informal reference on how to handle future crises.
Topic:: Education, Crisis Management, Higher Education, and COVID-19
Political Geography:: Global Focus and United States of America

28. A Rising or Ebbing Tide: Do Chinese Students Still Want to Study in the U.S.?

Author:: Peggy Blumenthal
Publication Date:: 04-2021
Content Type:: Policy Brief
Institution:: Institute of International Education (IIE)
Abstract:: Many U.S. colleges and universities are anxiously wondering if newly admitted Chinese students will accept their admission offers and return to American campuses in fall 2021. Needing to balance a host of issues, will Chinese students decide to remain at home or study in a different host country? This IIENetwork Briefing paper assesses the current situation, explores possible outcomes for fall 2021 enrollments from China’s mainland and Hong Kong, and presents some ways that U.S. campuses are responding to these recruiting challenges during a changing political and health environment in both the host and home countries.
Topic:: International Relations, Higher Education, COVID-19, and Study Abroad
Political Geography:: China and United States of America

29. To Rescue Scholars is to Rescue the Future

Author:: IIE Scholar Rescue Fund
Publication Date:: 04-2021
Content Type:: Special Report
Institution:: Institute of International Education (IIE)
Abstract:: In 2002, IIE’s trustees launched the Scholar Rescue Fund (IIE-SRF) as the only global program that arranges and funds academic fellowships for threatened and displaced scholars worldwide. Nearly twenty years later, we are delighted to release a new study – made possible through the generous support of IIE Chairman Emeritus and IIE-SRF co-founder Dr. Henry Kaufman – that documents the far-reaching impacts and achievements of over 200 IIE-SRF alumni from 38 countries on their host and home communities and academic disciplines.
Topic:: Education, Higher Education, and Academia
Political Geography:: Global Focus

30. International Higher Education Scholarships and Fellowships for Social Justice: The Role of Foundations

Author:: Selma Talha-Jebril and Mirka Martel
Publication Date:: 04-2021
Content Type:: Working Paper
Institution:: Institute of International Education (IIE)
Abstract:: International Higher Education Scholarships and Fellowships for Social Justice: The Role of Foundations explores philanthropy's role in funding international scholarship and fellowship programs committed to reducing long-standing disparities in higher education. The research paper addresses a gap in the literature regarding U.S. and non-U.S. foundations that have funded international scholarship and fellowship programs that focus on social justice, namely equity and access. The research paper is framed by the Ford Foundation International Fellowships Program (IFP) and the IFP Alumni Tracking Study, administered by the Institute of International Education (IIE). It brings in the perspectives of IFP and other scholarship and fellowship programs for social justice. The findings indicate four elements that contributed to growing interest in funding international higher education programs: (1) The push from multilateral agencies such as the U.N. and World Bank; (2) The rise of personal wealth during the past two decades; (3) The growing global youth population and access to higher education; and (4) The increasing liberal government policies encourage non-state actors to contribute and play a more significant role in the field of higher education. The research paper reveals that higher education scholarship and fellowship programs with common agendas – whether between donors and academic institutions or between government and international partners – often lead to sustainable partnerships and better program outcomes because they are supported by more than one entity and are grounded in common goals and visions.
Topic:: Social Justice, Higher Education, Philanthropy, Scholarships, and Fellowships
Political Geography:: Global Focus

31. A Commitment to Building a Global Generation: The Five-Year Impact of IIE’s Generation Study Abroad Initiative

Author:: Lindsay Calvert and Jodi Sanger
Publication Date:: 05-2021
Content Type:: Special Report
Institution:: Institute of International Education (IIE)
Abstract:: In 2014, IIE launched the Generation Study Abroad (GSA), a five-year initiative to mobilize resources and commitments with the goal of increasing and diversifying the number of U.S. students studying abroad by the end of the decade. IIE created a concerted effort and space for partners to join Generation Study Abroad by committing to bold, ambitious actions in support of study abroad on their campuses or at their organizations. The campaign became a global movement, forming the 800+ strong GSA Commitment Partner network representing a variety of U.S.-based and international partners, including national governments, higher education institutions (HEIs), study abroad organizations, education associations, and more. In 2020, IIE took stock of Generation Study Abroad with the final annual progress survey for GSA Commitment Partners. The survey tracked progress toward goals, best practices, and the implementation of effective activities and resources for the network. The report highlights key programmatic efforts and partner achievements framed by an analysis of data collected over the life of the initiative. In addition to evaluating the impact of this initiative, it offers an opportunity to continue building on the momentum of study abroad growth from 2019.
Topic:: Globalization, Youth, Higher Education, and Study Abroad
Political Geography:: Global Focus

32. COVID-19 Effects on US Higher Education Campuses Report 4

Author:: Mirka Martel and Julie Baer
Publication Date:: 06-2021
Content Type:: Special Report
Institution:: Institute of International Education (IIE)
Abstract:: The fourth report in IIE’s COVID-19 Snapshot Survey Series analyzes the international education field one year after the start of the COVID-19 pandemic and highlights the effects on international student enrollment and U.S. study abroad for the 2021/22 academic year.
Topic:: Higher Education, COVID-19, and Study Abroad
Political Geography:: Global Focus and United States of America

33. International Student Mobility Flows and COVID-19 Realities

Author:: Leah Mason
Publication Date:: 08-2021
Content Type:: Special Report
Institution:: Institute of International Education (IIE)
Abstract:: The flow of international students crossing borders to pursue educational opportunities has been significantly affected by the COVID‐19 pandemic, causing higher education systems worldwide to consider the context and realities of global academic mobility before and after the health crisis. This joint paper by the Institute of International Education (IIE) and IC3 analyzes significant international student mobility trends before the COVID‐19 pandemic, the role of the United States and other host countries in offering international students academic opportunities, and the increased competitiveness among countries to attract international students. The paper will provide an overview of the global mobility flows to and from major world regions in the 2019/2020 academic year. The paper will then consider the effects of COVID‐19 on global student mobility and how the pandemic has comparatively affected international students and the countries that serve as their hosts.
Topic:: Mobility, Higher Education, Students, and COVID-19
Political Geography:: Global Focus and United States of America

34. Silk Road Academic Connections: China–Italy Cooperation in Higher Education and Its Implications for the West

Author:: Nicola Casarini
Publication Date:: 10-2021
Content Type:: Working Paper
Institution:: Istituto Affari Internazionali
Abstract:: Cooperation in higher education and research is a positive aspect of the broader Italy–China relationship as it contributes to the advancement of the scientific and cultural environment in both countries. China has invested considerable sums to promote cooperation and exchanges with the Italian academy, including through the establishment of a dozen Confucius Institutes and a number of Confucius Classrooms. Italian universities have set up academic partnerships with Chinese entities on almost every subject. These have improved Italy’s research outlook, but have also posed inevitable risks of self-censorship and kowtowing to Chinese wishes. Moreover, there has been a surge of academic sponsorships by Chinese firms, in particular ICT companies such as ZTE and Huawei, which raise further concerns for Italy’s security interests and cooperation with its Western allies.
Topic:: Foreign Policy, Education, Science and Technology, Higher Education, and Research and Development
Political Geography:: China, Europe, Asia, and Italy

35. The Civic University

Publication Date:: 12-2021
Content Type:: Video
Institution:: Mile End Institute, Queen Mary University of London
Abstract:: In 2018, the UPP Foundation established a commission to investigate the civic work of universities. The commission published its findings in February 2019 and recommended that universities set out to co-create Civic University Agreements with other key civic partners in order to beyond traditional civic engagement and become truly civic universities, embedded into their areas.
Topic:: Education, Social Policy, Higher Education, and Civic Engagement
Political Geography:: United Kingdom and Europe

36. Spring 2020: The International Student Journey

Author:: Allan E. Goodman, Robert A. Scott, Gretchen Dobson, Meredith Doubleday, Darla K. Deardorff, Lindsay Addington, Peter Baker, Elisabeth Bloxam, Niki Kerameus, Jennifer Evanuik, and Reitumetse Obakeng Mabokela
Publication Date:: 03-2020
Content Type:: Special Report
Institution:: Institute of International Education (IIE)
Abstract:: International students are a core part of any institution’s internationalization strategy. Beyond boosting enrollment numbers, institutions are increasingly focused on understanding what makes for a successful international student experience. In the Spring 2020 issue of the IIENetworker magazine, The International Student Journey, professionals from around the world share their strategies and perspectives on international student success from outreach and recruitment to the on-campus experience through to alumni initiatives. How do institutions recruit as the global landscape for international students has expanded? What can be done to ensure that your international students are as integrated on your campus as domestic students? And once they leave campus, does your relationship with these students end?
Topic:: Demographics, Education, Youth, Institutions, and Higher Education
Political Geography:: Greece, North America, and United States of America

37. COVID‐19 Effects on US Higher Education Campuses: Academic Student Mobility to and from China

Author:: Mirka Martel
Publication Date:: 03-2020
Content Type:: Special Report
Institution:: Institute of International Education (IIE)
Abstract:: The Institute of International Education (IIE) is studying the effects of COVID‐19 (coronavirus) on global student mobility on U.S. higher education campuses. Our aim in this series is to provide more information about the effects that COVID‐19 has had on international student mobility, and the measures U.S. higher education institutions are taking regarding international students currently on campus and those abroad, international students interested in studying in the United States, and U.S. students planning to study abroad. The first survey was launched on Feb. 13, 2020, and specifically focuses on the effects of COVID‐19 with regard to academic student mobility to and from China. As the COVID‐19 outbreak evolves, IIE will administer follow‐on surveys to the U.S. higher education community to monitor the unfolding situation and to keep the international education community informed.
Topic:: Education, Health, Youth, Mobility, Higher Education, and Coronavirus
Political Geography:: China, Asia, North America, and United States of America

38. A Question of Delivery

Author:: Ahmed Taher
Publication Date:: 03-2020
Content Type:: Journal Article
Journal:: Cairo Review of Global Affairs
Institution:: School of Global Affairs and Public Policy, American University in Cairo
Abstract:: The success of Egyptian higher education depends on far more than reforming content and curricula. Cherry-picking the best from the American model is one place to start.
Topic:: Education, Reform, Higher Education, and Models
Political Geography:: Africa, North America, Egypt, and United States of America

39. Income Segregation and Intergenerational Mobility Across Colleges in the United States

Author:: Raj Chetty, John N. Friedman, Emmanuel Saez, Nicholas Turner, and Danny Yagan
Publication Date:: 02-2020
Content Type:: Research Paper
Institution:: Watson Institute for International and Public Affairs at Brown University
Abstract:: We construct publicly available statistics on parents’ incomes and students’ earnings outcomes for each college in the U.S. using de-identified data from tax records. These statistics reveal that the degree of parental income segregation across colleges is very high, similar to that across neighborhoods. Differences in post-college earnings between children from low- and high-income families are much smaller among students who attend the same college than across colleges. Colleges with the best earnings outcomes predominantly enroll students from high-income families, although a few mid-tier public colleges have both low parent income levels and high student earnings. Linking these income data to SAT and ACT scores, we simulate how changes in the allocation of students to colleges affects segregation and intergenerational mobility. Equalizing application, admission, and matriculation rates across parental income groups conditional on test scores would reduce segregation substantially, primarily by increasing the representation of middle-class students at more selective colleges. However, it would have little impact on the fraction of low-income students at elite private colleges because there are relatively few students from low-income families with sufficiently high SAT/ACT scores. Differences in parental income distributions across colleges could be eliminated by giving low and middle-income students a sliding-scale preference in the application and admissions process similar to that implicitly given to legacy students at elite private colleges. Assuming that 80% of observational differences in students’ earnings conditional on test scores, race, and parental income are due to colleges’ causal effects – a strong assumption, but one consistent with prior work – such changes could reduce intergenerational income persistence among college students by about 25%. We conclude that changing how students are allocated to colleges could substantially reduce segregation and increase intergenerational mobility, even without changing colleges’ educational programs
Topic:: Income Inequality, Economic Inequality, Higher Education, and Economic Mobility
Political Geography:: North America and United States of America

40. Expanding Opportunity for Lower-Income Students: Three Years of the American Talent Initiative

Author:: Aspen Institute
Publication Date:: 02-2020
Content Type:: Working Paper
Institution:: Aspen Institute
Abstract:: This is the second annual report for the American Talent Initiative, highlighting it has achieved more than 40 percent of the progress needed to realize its goal to enroll 50,000 additional lower-income students at high-graduation rate institutions across the country. This report also centers on the impact that an equity-focused, comprehensive strategy can have on institutions’ ability to enroll and graduate more of these talented students.
Topic:: Education, Inequality, Income Inequality, and Higher Education
Political Geography:: North America and United States of America

41. Students’ Union–Management Relations and Conflict Resolution Mechanisms in Obafemi Awolowo University, Nigeria

Author:: Odunayo Ogunbodede, Harrison Adewale Idowu, and Temitayo Isaac Odeyemi
Publication Date:: 06-2020
Content Type:: Journal Article
Journal:: African Journal on Conflict Resolution
Institution:: The African Centre for the Constructive Resolution of Disputes (ACCORD)
Abstract:: Conflict is inevitable in any human relationship. The situation is the same in the university system where several groups with diverse interests exist. While scholarly attention has focused on conflict and conflict resolution in the larger human society, less attention has been directed towards conflict and its resolution between and among various groups within a university. This article empirically examines the relations between the Students’ Union (the body representing the students) and the management of Obafemi Awolowo University (OAU), and the conflict resolution mechanisms available to the groups. The article adopts secondary and primary data sourced from semi-structured interviews, and analyses the data using descriptive and content analysis methods. Findings show that the relations between the Students’ Union and the management of OAU are mixed, largely depending on the strategies adopted by the union leaders and the university administrators; that conflicts are mostly triggered by issues bordering on students’ welfare; and that mechanisms such as mediation, negotiation, and consultation are some of the conflict resolution mechanisms between OAU students and management. The article concludes that the central issue between the Students’ Union and management of OAU is student welfare, and that to avert future conflicts, student welfare must be management’s priority at all times.
Topic:: Conflict Resolution, Education, Labor Issues, Conflict, and Higher Education
Political Geography:: Africa and Nigeria

42. National interests and the impact of student mobility: the case of Canada and Brazil

Author:: W. E. (Ted) Hewitt
Publication Date:: 12-2020
Content Type:: Journal Article
Journal:: Revista Brasileira de Política Internacional (RBPI)
Institution:: Instituto Brasileiro de Relações Internacionais (IBRI)
Abstract:: While there is a growing literature on the trend towards international student mobility, few if any studies have focused on the relative impact of student exchange for promoting national interests and relationship building between specific countries. This study seeks to address this gap through an in-depth analysis of Brazil’s Science Without Borders programme and its implications for the country’s relationship with Canada. The study reveals that student mobility between the two countries effected by this programme provide significant advantage to both countries, not least of which will likely have positive implications for Canadian-Brazilian interaction.
Topic:: Science and Technology, Mobility, Higher Education, and Students
Political Geography:: Canada, Brazil, South America, and North America

43. Searching for a Way Forward in Lebanon

Author:: Paul Salem, Ishac Diwan, Fadlo Khuri, and Maha Yahya
Publication Date:: 07-2020
Content Type:: Video
Institution:: Middle East Institute (MEI)
Abstract:: Lebanon is going through one of the most acute crises in its modern history. A complex economic collapse is driving hundreds of thousands into poverty and the risk of hunger, and shuttering an already wounded economy. A large cross section of the population revolted in October of last year and has created a standoff with a corrupt and sectarian oligarchy. The government is unable to chart and implement a way out of the crisis, and state institutions stand on the brink of failure. The multiple crises have threatened all sectors, including the critical education sector, previously one of the success stories of the country; universities, like other institutions, have been hard hit.
Topic:: Poverty, Sectarianism, Hunger, Economy, Protests, Crisis Management, and Higher Education
Political Geography:: Middle East and Lebanon

44. Perceived and Actual Option Values of College Enrollment

Author:: Yifan Gong, Ralph Stinebrickner, and Todd Stinebrickner
Publication Date:: 08-2020
Content Type:: Working Paper
Institution:: Centre for Human Capital and Productivity (CHCP), Western University
Abstract:: An important feature of post-secondary schooling is the experimentation that accompanies sequential decision-making. Specifically, by entering college, a student gains the option to decide at a future time whether it is optimal to remain in college or to drop out, after resolving uncertainty that existed at entrance about factors that affect the return to college. This paper uses data from the Berea Panel Study to quantify the value of this option. The unique nature of the data allows us to make a distinction between “actual” option values and “perceived” option values and to examine the accuracy of students’ perceptions. We find that the average perceived option value is 65% smaller than the average actual option value ($8,670 versus $25,040). A further investigation suggests that this understatement is not due to misperceptions about how much uncertainty is resolved during college, but, rather, because of overoptimism at entrance about the returns to college. In terms of policy implications related to college entrance, we do not find evidence that students understate the overall value of college, which depends on the sum of the option value and expectations at entrance about the returns to college.
Topic:: Economics, Labor Issues, Human Capital, Higher Education, Economic Mobility, and Productivity
Political Geography:: Global Focus

45. 1st Fully Remote & Virtual (FRV) SIMULEX experience keeps 47-year streak alive at Fletcher!

Author:: Brandon Daigle, Paul Pawluk, and David Kaczmarek
Publication Date:: 11-2020
Content Type:: Special Report
Institution:: The Fletcher School, Tufts University
Abstract:: Each year, The International Security Studies Program (ISSP) at the Fletcher School, Tufts University conducts SIMULEX, a major crisis management exercise where participants assume the roles of national policy makers in an international scenario. Throughout this three-day event, the exercise focuses on a highly realistic, near-future scenario involving key players on the world stage. SIMULEX exposes participants to the constraints and opportunities facing policy makers in the quest of making the best possible decisions and enacting associated actions. As representatives of various national and international teams, participants are charged with developing strategy and the necessary tasks required to achieve their country specific goals while driving efforts to bring the global crisis to a preferred end state. In an atmosphere of conflict escalation, SIMULEX stresses leadership in uncertainty, crisis management, team building, adaptability, and policy negotiation skills.
Topic:: Science and Technology, Leadership, Crisis Management, and Higher Education
Political Geography:: Global Focus and United States of America

46. COVID-19 Effects on US Higher Education Campuses, Report 2: From Emergency Response to Planning for Future Student Mobility

Author:: Mirka Martel
Publication Date:: 05-2020
Content Type:: Special Report
Institution:: Institute of International Education (IIE)
Abstract:: The Institute of International Education (IIE) is studying the effects of COVID‐19 (coronavirus) on global student mobility on U.S. higher education campuses. Our aim in this series is to provide more information about the effects that COVID‐19 has had on international student mobility, and the measures U.S. higher education institutions are taking regarding international students currently on campus and those abroad, international students interested in studying in the United States, and U.S. students planning to study abroad. The second survey opened April 16, 2020, and specifically focuses on the effects of COVID‐19 on U.S. higher education institutions’ emergency response and planning for future student mobility. While we continue to monitor the ongoing situation, this report examines campus life, international students both already on campus and those who could not come for the spring semester, and U.S students studying abroad. It also looks ahead to summer and fall 2020 and the recruitment of international students, as well as student interest in future study abroad.
Topic:: Crisis Management, Mobility, Higher Education, Survey, COVID-19, and Study Abroad
Political Geography:: Global Focus and United States of America

47. COVID-19 Effects on US Higher Education Campuses, Report 3: New Realities for Global Student Mobility in Summer and Fall 2020

Author:: Mirka Martel
Publication Date:: 07-2020
Content Type:: Special Report
Institution:: Institute of International Education (IIE)
Abstract:: The Institute of International Education (IIE) is studying the effects of COVID‐19 (coronavirus) on global student mobility on U.S. higher education campuses. Our aim in this series is to provide more information about the effects that COVID‐19 has had on international student mobility, and the measures U.S. higher education institutions are taking regarding international students currently on campus and those abroad, international students interested in studying in the United States, and U.S. students planning to study abroad. The third survey opened July 9, 2020, and specifically focuses on college and university COVID-19 planning for the summer and fall 2020 semesters. As the final report of the COVID-19 Snapshot Survey Series, this report examines impact on inbound and outbound options for student exchange, such as shifts in the academic calendar and potential deferment to a future semester, as well as the future outlook for U.S. study abroad programs.
Topic:: Education, Mobility, Higher Education, Survey, COVID-19, and Study Abroad
Political Geography:: Global Focus and United States of America

48. Studying for the Future: International Secondary Students in the United States

Author:: Leah Mason and Natalya Andrejko
Publication Date:: 11-2020
Content Type:: Special Report
Institution:: Institute of International Education (IIE)
Abstract:: Trends in international secondary student mobility highlight a potential recruitment pipeline to U.S. higher education institutions. This paper will provide an overview of international secondary student enrollment trends in the United States. It will then describe a case study of the AIFS Foundation Academic Year in America (AYA) program. The case study highlights the results of an alumni survey, including student motivations for participating in AYA, the skills and attributes students gained while on the program, and their academic and professional trajectories post‐program. Finally, it will bring together information presented in these first two sections to discuss possible implications for higher education.
Topic:: Education, Mobility, Higher Education, and Study Abroad
Political Geography:: Global Focus and United States of America

49. Fall 2020 International Student Enrollment Snapshot

Author:: Julie Baer and Mirka Martel
Publication Date:: 11-2020
Content Type:: Special Report
Institution:: Institute of International Education (IIE)
Abstract:: The Fall 2020 International Student Enrollment Snapshot presents current international student enrollment patterns based on data from over 700 U.S. higher education institutions. The report focuses on international students studying in person or online (in the U.S. or from abroad) at U.S. higher education institutions in Fall 2020. The findings reflect how the COVID-19 pandemic has affected the U.S. higher education sector and global student mobility to the United States. The report, conducted by IIE and nine partner higher education associations, is released jointly with and complements Open Doors 2020, which provides a comprehensive view of international student trends from the previous year (2019/20). Open Doors 2021, to be released in November 2021, will survey more than 2,900 institutions to provide a full picture of 2020/21 international student enrollment.
Topic:: Education, Higher Education, COVID-19, and Study Abroad
Political Geography:: Global Focus and United States of America

50. Internationalizing the Campus at Home: Campus Globalization in the Context ofCOVID-19

Author:: Alice Rogers
Publication Date:: 11-2020
Content Type:: Policy Brief
Institution:: Institute of International Education (IIE)
Abstract:: When COVID-19 was declared a pandemic in March 2020, nearly every US student on a study abroad program was abruptly called home, and 93% of planned study abroad programs for the summer were cancelled, as were 64% of undergraduate Fall semester programs. In the process, most campus leaders responsible for international programs and strategy sought to fill the curricular gaps by turning to “internationalization at home” programs which would enable students to at least have intercultural experiences and exposure through special outreach and encounters with nearby Immigrant communities and/or distance learning seminars with counterparts in countries where institutional partnerships and faculty research collaborations would make possible seminar discussions and focused conversations on current issues and topics. This report highlights several key forms of “internationalization at home” and how they have been historically implemented at universities, and it discusses how these initiatives have contributed to campus globalization in the context of the COVID-19 pandemic for the 2020-2021 academic year.
Topic:: Globalization, Higher Education, COVID-19, and Study Abroad
Political Geography:: Global Focus and United States of America

51. Developing the Future Workforce: Revitalizing Postsecondary Education and Training After COVID-19

Author:: Committee for Economic Development of the Conference Board
Publication Date:: 07-2020
Content Type:: Policy Brief
Institution:: The Conference Board
Abstract:: Education and training programs prepare not only better citizens but also skilled workforce entrants with in-demand, cutting-edge abilities and knowledge. That preparation is key to ensuring that employers remain globally competitive and that all Americans share in broad-based and growing prosperity. The COVID-19 pandemic has upended the nation’s education and training. Early Education and Child Care: The Essential Sector and K-12: COVID-19 Disruption Must Lead to Overdue Reform outlined the acute disruption to early childhood education and services and elementary and secondary education, but the fallout from COVID-19 has shaken all levels of education and training.
Topic:: Education, Higher Education, COVID-19, and Workforce
Political Geography:: North America and United States of America

52. Higher Education as a Pathway toward Peace in Burkina Faso: New Policy Perspectives

Author:: Dagan Rossini and Felicity Burgess
Publication Date:: 09-2020
Content Type:: Policy Brief
Institution:: Social Science Research Council
Abstract:: Higher education plays an important role in promoting inclusive democracies and driving social and economic change. Many African universities, however, face key structural challenges including limited Internet, outdated curricula, overburdened faculty, and archaic infrastructure. These systemic issues have been exacerbated by rising enrollment rates in the wake of global pressures to expand access and ensure quality of education for all. As governments and multilateral institutions look to capitalize on the continent’s demographic dividend, it is important to rethink, revitalize, and restructure African university systems, particularly in (post-)conflict settings. This policy brief is based on a report prepared for the Ministry of Higher Education, Scientific Research, and Innovation in Burkina Faso. It identifies a mismatch between the supply of skilled graduates and labor market demands, bearing in mind Burkina Faso’s ambition to become one of three main knowl- edge hubs in West Africa and the ongoing crisis in the Sahel region. Research was conducted between September 2019 and April 2020 and included three weeks of qualitative research in the capital city, Ouagadougou, involving focus groups and semi-structured interviews with 67 individuals. Findings suggest that increased collaboration between the education and economic sectors will enhance both student learning experiences and professional practices, thereby enabling more peaceful and democratic futures
Topic:: Education, Governance, Democracy, Peace, Higher Education, and Domestic Policy
Political Geography:: Africa and Burkina Faso

53. The Economics of Free College

Author:: David Deming
Publication Date:: 06-2019
Content Type:: Policy Brief
Institution:: Economics for Inclusive Prosperity (EfIP)
Abstract:: Despite growing public concern about the cost of college, higher education is still the best investment a young person can make. The American public understands that college is both increasingly necessary and increasingly unaffordable. This dynamic explains the growing public conversation around the idea of “free college”.
Topic:: Economics, Education, Economic Policy, and Higher Education
Political Geography:: United States

54. Reflections from Singapore

Author:: ONG Keng Yong
Publication Date:: 04-2019
Content Type:: Special Report
Institution:: Center for Contemporary Arab Studies (CCAS)
Abstract:: Ambassador ONG Keng Yong, who graduated from MAAS in 1983, remembers his time in Washington and sheds light on Singapore’s “price taker” approach to foreign policy.
Topic:: International Relations, Foreign Policy, Diplomacy, and Higher Education
Political Geography:: Middle East, Asia, Arab Countries, Singapore, and United States of America

55. New Law Hinders Public Diplomacy and Penalizes Palestinian Students

Author:: Kaylee Steck and Mohammed Alhammami
Publication Date:: 05-2019
Content Type:: Special Report
Institution:: Center for Contemporary Arab Studies (CCAS)
Abstract:: Last fall, Congress enacted a law that indirectly led to 29 young Arab leaders losing their scholarships to U.S.-accredited universities and dealt another blow to educational and cultural exchange programming, a critical part of U.S. public diplomacy efforts.
Topic:: Diplomacy, Government, Law, and Higher Education
Political Geography:: Middle East, Palestine, North America, and United States of America

56. Training Georgetown’s Future Diplomats

Author:: Vicki Valosik
Publication Date:: 04-2019
Content Type:: Special Report
Institution:: Center for Contemporary Arab Studies (CCAS)
Abstract:: A certificate program at the School of Foreign Service offers theoretical knowledge and practical training for aspiring diplomats. According to Ambassador Barbara Bodine, Director of Georgetown’s Institute for the Study of Diplomacy (ISD), the skills needed by today’s aspiring diplomats haven’t changed significantly since the days when she was preparing for her own long and successful diplomatic career. “On one level, they will need the skills diplomats have always needed: the ability to understand and shape policy, to work comfortably globally, to be able to analyze a large amount of information, and—critically important—the ability to write,” she says. “At the same time,” adds Bodine, who served as Ambassador to Yemen from 1997 to 2001, “twenty-first century diplomats also need to be able to manage large amounts of data and comfortably move from a known issue, a comfortzone issue, to something new. They need to be able to extrapolate from past experience to a new experience without rigid templates.”
Topic:: Foreign Policy, Diplomacy, Government, and Higher Education
Political Geography:: United States of America and North America

57. Exploring Undocumented Students' Understandings of the Role of Higher Education during the Trump Era

Author:: Karina Santellano
Publication Date:: 06-2019
Content Type:: Journal Article
Journal:: California Journal of Politics and Policy
Institution:: Institute of Governmental Studies, UC Berkeley
Abstract:: Law pertaining to immigrants is conceptualized as legal violence (Menjívar and Abrego 2012). Deferred Action for Childhood Arrivals (DACA) is an executive policy with an uncertain future under the Trump administration. In California, many DACA beneficiaries are students at public colleges and universities. This paper conceptualizes DACA as another form of legal violence and draws from 30 in-depth interviews with undocumented students to explore the ways in which undocumented students believe the role of their college/university is to mitigate the legal violence stemming from the liminality of DACA. Some participants believe their colleges/universities should provide safety, specifically via the designation of sanctuary campus status for its symbolic importance, others believe their colleges have a responsibility beyond intellectualism sharing they should be progressive leaders against xenophobia, while others expressed cynicism, describing institutions of higher education as corporations interested in their brand rather than in being immigrant rights advocates on behalf of their students. This study serves as a way for institutions of higher education to learn how undocumented students perceive their roles and duties. At the end of this paper, the author suggests how colleges and universities can work towards mitigating legal violence in the lives of undocumented students.
Topic:: Human Rights, Immigration, Law, Immigrants, and Higher Education
Political Geography:: United States and California

58. Educational Interventions to Address Gender-Based Violence

Author:: SVRI
Publication Date:: 11-2019
Content Type:: Policy Brief
Institution:: The Sexual Violence Research Initiative (SVRI)
Abstract:: Education is central to efforts to prevent gender-based violence (GBV). However, while education can be used to prevent GBV, school-related GBV affects millions of children, families and communities. It involves acts or threats of sexual, physical or psychological violence occurring in and around schools, perpetrated because of gender norms and stereotypes, and enforced by unequal power dynamics.
Topic:: Education, Gender Based Violence, Youth, Sexual Violence, and Higher Education
Political Geography:: Moldova, Canada, South Africa, Mexico, Jordan, Swaziland, Papua New Guinea, and United States of America

59. Fall 2019 International Student Enrollment Snapshot Survey

Author:: Jodi Sanger and Julie Baer
Publication Date:: 11-2019
Content Type:: Special Report
Institution:: Institute of International Education (IIE)
Abstract:: The 2019 Fall International Student Enrollment Snapshot Survey Report (henceforth, Snapshot Survey) provides the international education field with a timely look at current patterns in international student enrollment as of fall 2019 (2019/20 academic year) based on the responses of more than 500 U.S. higher education institutions. The report is released jointly with and complements Open Doors 2019, which provides a comprehensive view of international student enrollment from the previous year (2018/19). As the Snapshot Survey represents a subset of the more than 2,800 institutions surveyed by Open Doors, the full picture of 2019/20 enrollment will be analyzed in Open Doors 2020 (November 2020).
Topic:: Education, Youth, and Higher Education
Political Geography:: North America and United States of America

60. Who’s Counting? Understanding the Landscape of Graduate Learning Overseas

Author:: Jodi Sanger and Leah Mason
Publication Date:: 10-2019
Content Type:: Special Report
Institution:: Institute of International Education (IIE)
Abstract:: Both U.S. graduate school enrollments and the demand for global competency in the workforce are on the rise, but what do we know about graduate-level study abroad? The Graduate Learning Overseas (GLO) research study, implemented by IIE and launched in 2017 with support from the U.S. Department of Education, Office of International and Foreign Language Education, aims to identify the scale and scope of U.S. graduate students’ educational activities and to better understand the institutional practices around student mobility data collection. This report shares results of the first national survey to U.S. higher education institutions on this topic. The results from this survey paint a clearer picture of the graduate-level study abroad landscape and demonstrate the need for institutions to build capacity to collect graduate student mobility data to support graduate students’ needs. In addition, it aims to help researchers better serve the international education field by both improving data collection practices and developing resources for institutions.
Topic:: Education, Government, Higher Education, and Graduate School
Political Geography:: North America and United States of America

61. Global Knowledge and Talent Flows : An Imbalanced Equation?

Author:: Rajika Bhandari
Publication Date:: 08-2019
Content Type:: Special Report
Institution:: Institute of International Education (IIE)
Abstract:: The global movement of postsecondary students is a remarkably unidirectional phenomenon: students from the developing world, or Global South, take their knowledge and talents to the developed world, or the Global North. This is particularly true for countries such as India and China. Framed by the broader issues of access and equity within postsecondary education and released on the occasion of the fourth IC3 Conference in Mumbai, India, on August 28, 2019, the current report raises the following questions: Are the current global flows of students advantaging wealthier nations over developing ones? Are students from the developing world returning at higher rates to their countries of origin? How do we ensure that the mobility of students and talent is based on principles of access, equity and inclusiveness, both at the individual student level and at a national level? While it is not the goal of this report to suggest that the north-to-south flow of students should be reversed or that countries in the Global South would even have the capacity to host large volumes of international students, the report does argue that when it comes to international student recruitment policies, host countries in the Global North need to consider how to balance their own needs to fill critical knowledge and skill gaps by attracting global talent with the needs of developing countries to retain their valuable human capital. Thus, the report proposes solutions for programmatic and national-level initiatives to create a balance between the home and host countries of globally mobile students. Read the full report to view key findings and to learn more about the IIE Center for Academic Mobility Research and Impact.
Topic:: Education, Mobility, and Higher Education
Political Geography:: China, India, Asia, and Global South

62. Intensive English USA

Author:: Arlen Gargagliano
Publication Date:: 07-2019
Content Type:: Book
Institution:: Institute of International Education (IIE)
Abstract:: The 2019 edition of Intensive English USA is now available for purchase. This is the most complete guide to English Language Instruction in the United States. The directory features programs and courses offered by accredited U.S. higher educational institutions and U.S. English language schools. Each listing includes the IEP proficiency levels taught, dates, costs, instructional facilities and faculty, student services, eligibility and admissions, contact addresses, phone, fax, email, and more. Throughout its more than 50 years of publication, this directory has been the standard IEP resource for U.S. educational advising centers worldwide including education ministries, embassies, exchange agencies, universities, and other organizations that sponsor international students in the United States.
Topic:: Education, Language, and Higher Education
Political Geography:: North America and United States of America

63. Investing in Diaspora Exchanges: Impact Evaluation of the Carnegie African Diaspora Fellowship Program

Author:: CADFP
Publication Date:: 06-2019
Content Type:: Special Report
Institution:: Institute of International Education (IIE)
Abstract:: This five-year impact report of the Carnegie African Diaspora Fellowship Program (CADFP) indicates that faculty exchanges between diaspora academics in the United States and Canada and African higher education institutions lead to sustained linkages and research development in the form of grant collaboration, teaching and mentoring, improved programming offered in African institutions, and community impacts. The study found that the CADFP enabled sustainable collaborations between diaspora scholars and African higher education institutions while fostering the opportunity for new collaborations. 90% of alumni respondents collaborated with hosts on capacity building projects up to five years after the fellowship and over half found the CADFP to be important for their new connections with 115 institutions beyond their host institutions, located in a total of 16 countries. Additionally, the CADFP fellowship built capacities of African higher education institutions leading to at least 41 new approved or implemented courses, improved graduate programming, and 110 academic articles or book chapters published collaboratively with Fellows and African institutions. Finally, the CADFP enabled knowledge production, generated interest and fostered international collaborative networks, increasing visibility and engagement with African higher education. The impact report represents 237 alumni who participated in the CADFP from 2013 to 2017. In addition to the Alumni Survey, the study also included case studies with six alumni Fellows and 5 host institutions. These case studies are highlighted throughout the report and speak to the nuanced impact of this program. The CADFP is offered by IIE in collaboration with the United States International University-Africa (USIU-Africa), the program is funded by a grant from Carnegie Corporation of New York (CCNY).
Topic:: Education, Higher Education, Academia, and Graduate School
Political Geography:: Africa, Canada, North America, and United States of America

64. Faculty and Education Abroad: The Role of Faculty in Promoting Global Learning on U.S. Campuses

Author:: Catherine Morris and Leah Mason
Publication Date:: 06-2019
Content Type:: Special Report
Institution:: Institute of International Education (IIE)
Abstract:: In our increasingly interconnected world, institutions face pressure to both grow their global footprint and prepare students to succeed in the global economy after graduation. Faculty are at the heart of the academic enterprise, and as such, it is no surprise that they also have a role to play in ensuring that education abroad opportunities are robust, dynamic, and accessible. Faculty and Education Abroad: The Role of Faculty in Promoting Global Learning on U.S. Campuses from IIE and the AIFS Foundation investigates the link between faculty and education abroad—and specific examples of institutions that have made considerable progress in expanding access to global learning and education abroad opportunities on campus— to shed light on opportunities and challenges that faculty face when engaging with education abroad, both as campus champions and leaders.
Topic:: Education, Globalization, and Higher Education
Political Geography:: North America and United States of America

65. The Reconfiguration of the American Academic Workforce: Implications for International Scholarly Exchange

Author:: Martin J. Finkelstein
Publication Date:: 05-2019
Content Type:: Special Report
Institution:: Institute of International Education (IIE)
Abstract:: The U.S. higher education landscape has shifted considerably over the past quarter century, undergoing a new “academic revolution” that has had significant implications for the teaching staff of U.S. colleges and universities. Against this backdrop of a changing higher education environment in the U.S., the purpose of this paper is to suggest how certain megatrends have translated into a new and fragmented topographical map of the American academic profession, one in which definable subgroups can be identified with distinctive constellations of motivations and constraints that are directly relevant to the structure and policies of international scholarly exchange programs.
Topic:: Education, Labor Issues, Higher Education, and Academia
Political Geography:: North America and United States of America

66. Anchor or Sail: Comparative study of how UK and US universities balance their local and international ambitions

Author:: IIE and British Council
Publication Date:: 06-2019
Content Type:: Case Study
Institution:: Institute of International Education (IIE)
Abstract:: The role of higher education institutions, and their relationship to their local communities, is a topic of debate in both the UK and the USA. How do institutions balance their civic responsibilities with their global ambitions and internationalization strategies? In this comparative study, conducted by the Institute of International Education in partnership with the British Council, we examine how six selected UK and US colleges and universities are successfully supporting their local communities while providing international opportunities for students and faculty. The case studies highlight various approaches to address this challenge, and the role of civic/private partners, both local and international.
Topic:: Education and Higher Education
Political Geography:: United Kingdom, Europe, North America, and United States of America

67. The Power of International Education: Impact Analysis of IEE-Administered Programs, 2005-2015

Author:: Jodi Sanger
Publication Date:: 03-2019
Content Type:: Special Report
Institution:: Institute of International Education (IIE)
Abstract:: IIE’s work has a direct, tangible impact on the lives of individuals and the lives of those in the communities that support them. Alumni of programs administered by IIE said that the experiences and skills they acquired during their programs led to positive outcomes in their careers and personal lives, inspiring them to give back to their communities and improve their organizations. To better understand the effects of participating in an IIE-administered program, IIE conducted a survey of grantees who completed IIE-administered programs between 2005 and 2015. In total, IIE’s Research, Evaluation and Learning (REL) team captured responses from more than 4,000 individuals who participated in 10 different programs. Grantees took part in programs focusing on language & culture, teaching & research, STEM & development, and leadership. Authored by Jodi Sanger, IIE Research Analyst, this report sheds light on how the experience of participating in an IIE-administered program lives on in many aspects of alumni’s lives. As IIE celebrates its centennial in 2019 and looks ahead to the next 100 years of international education, this report demonstrates the change that IIE-administered programs create, building closer connections across the world and opening minds to new ideas and cultures.
Topic:: Education, Culture, Language, and Higher Education
Political Geography:: Global Focus and United States of America

68. Leveraging Higher Education to Promote Social Justice: Evidence from the IFP Alumni Tracking Study

Author:: Mirka Martel
Publication Date:: 03-2019
Content Type:: Special Report
Institution:: Institute of International Education (IIE)
Abstract:: The fifth report from our 10-year tracking study of the Ford Foundation International Fellowships Program (IFP), Leveraging Higher Education to Promote Social Justice: Evidence from the IFP Alumni Tracking Study finds that IFP alumni are prepared to confront social injustices and have received promotions in their careers as a result of participating in the program. Study results showed that responding IFP alumni believed that IFP helped them develop personal and professional attributes that have helped them achieve career success and combat social injustices. Nearly 84 percent of responding alumni said they were employed, while 89 percent received a promotion at work that they attributed to IFP, and 83 percent are currently in leadership positions. In total, 1,284 alumni from 22 countries responded to the survey, representing 33 percent of the IFP population.
Topic:: Education, Social Justice, and Higher Education
Political Geography:: North America, Global Focus, and United States of America

69. Social Justice and Sustainable Change: The Impacts of Higher Education

Author:: Mirka Martel
Publication Date:: 03-2019
Content Type:: Special Report
Institution:: Institute of International Education (IIE)
Abstract:: Yielding the first findings from our 10-year impact study of the Ford Foundation International Fellowships Program (IFP), Social Justice and Sustainable Change shows that funding the post-graduate academic pursuits of emerging social justice leaders from marginalized groups leads to significant, measurable benefits for communities and organizations in their countries and throughout the world. The report shares the results of our 2015 IFP Global Alumni Survey, the first round of global data collection to occur during the course of tracking study. The findings reflect the responses of 1,861 IFP alumni from 22 different countries, capturing 43% of the program population. Findings from the report can be used to drive programmatic and policy decisions and shed light on research that supports the need for widening access to higher education in an effort to combat social inequality. The findings from Social Justice and Sustainable Change show that investing in higher education for individuals can have significant multiplier effects for communities, organizations, and societies. By studying the link between higher education and social justice and the effect that higher education can have on marginalized populations and leadership, Social Justice and Sustainable Change gives us a first look at the long-term impacts of international higher education programs like IFP.
Topic:: Education, Leadership, Social Justice, Higher Education, and Sustainability
Political Geography:: North America, Global Focus, and United States of America

70. Social Justice Leaders in Action: IFP Impacts in Asia

Author:: Mirka Martel
Publication Date:: 03-2019
Content Type:: Special Report
Institution:: Institute of International Education (IIE)
Abstract:: The second report from our 10-year impact study of the Ford Foundation International Fellowships Program (IFP), Social Justice Leaders in Actionprovides an in-depth look at the lives and careers of IFP alumni in three Asian countries—India, Indonesia, and the Philippines—detailing the different pathways alumni have taken and the ways they have leveraged their skills and networks to effect change. Drawing upon focus groups and interviews with 274 IFP alumni and community stakeholders, this qualitative research highlights the stories behind the numbers shared in the study’s first report, Social Justice and Sustainable Change: The Impacts of Higher Education, released in April 2016. The findings from Social Justice Leaders in Action provide insights not only at how life-altering IFP was at an individual level, but how that transformative power extends through alumni to their organizations, communities, and societies.
Topic:: Education, Social Justice, Higher Education, and Sustainability
Political Geography:: Indonesia, India, Asia, Philippines, North America, and United States of America

71. TechWomen Evaluation Report Year 7

Author:: Institute of International Education
Publication Date:: 02-2019
Content Type:: Special Report
Institution:: Institute of International Education (IIE)
Abstract:: This report presents findings from a TechWomen program evaluation conducted in 2018 by IIE’s Research, Evaluation, and Learning team. The evaluation assessed change in participants’ professional skills and capacities. The evaluation team utilized Social Network Analysis methodology to measure development of the participants’ professional networks with each other and with STEM professionals in the U.S. The report also outlines how the program impacted participants’ and mentors’ cross-cultural understanding and exchange of professional best practices. Finally, the report highlights program’s impact on participants’ and mentors’ communities and specifically on women and girls. TechWomen is an initiative of the U.S. Department of State’s Bureau of Educational and Cultural Affairs implemented by IIE. Launched in 2011, the program supports the United States’ global commitment toward advancing the rights and participation of women and girls around the world by enabling them to reach their full potential. TechWomen empowers, connects and supports the next generation of women leaders in science, technology, engineering and mathematics (STEM) from Africa, Central and South Asia, and the Middle East by providing them the access and opportunity needed to advance their careers, pursue their dreams, and inspire women and girls in their communities.
Topic:: Education, Government, Science and Technology, Culture, Women, and Higher Education
Political Geography:: Africa, South Asia, Central Asia, Middle East, North America, and United States of America

72. Agostinho Neto University: An Analysis of Context and Process of Scientific Work Production

Author:: Paulo Conceição João Faria
Publication Date:: 12-2019
Content Type:: Journal Article
Journal:: Brazilian Journal of African Studies
Institution:: Brazilian Journal of African Studies
Abstract:: ires a well-documented understanding of the existing institutional research environment, based on observable evidence. In particular, this article is aimed at Agostinho Neto University (ANU), to evaluate doctoral training processes at three faculties or organic units (OUs). In doing so, this paper recognizes the crucial connection between the University and the spheres of market productivity. It also recognizes that different countries have different trajectories, patterns and models of development in the Higher Education Subsystem (HES) which can sometimes undermine or make this connection possible. Although this topic is of great importance because of its potential to empirically hinder relevant studies, this article follows a different path, as it aims to explain how context and process influence the production of scientific work at ANU.
Topic:: Development, Science and Technology, Higher Education, Academia, and Knowledge Production
Political Geography:: Africa and Angola

73. Exploring the military and security links of China’s universities.

Author:: Alex Joske
Publication Date:: 11-2019
Content Type:: Special Report
Institution:: Australian Strategic Policy Institute (ASPI)
Abstract:: What’s the problem? The Chinese Communist Party (CCP) is building links between China’s civilian universities, military and security agencies. Those efforts, carried out under a policy of leveraging the civilian sector to maximise military power (known as ‘military–civil fusion’), have accelerated in the past decade. Research for the China Defence Universities Tracker has determined that greater numbers of Chinese universities are engaged in defence research, training defence scientists, collaborating with the military and cooperating with defence industry conglomerates and are involved in classified research.1 At least 15 civilian universities have been implicated in cyberattacks, illegal exports or espionage. China’s defence industry conglomerates are supervising agencies of nine universities and have sent thousands of their employees to train abroad. This raises questions for governments, universities and companies that collaborate with partners in the People’s Republic of China (PRC). There’s a growing risk that collaboration with PRC universities can be leveraged by the People’s Liberation Army (PLA) or security agencies for surveillance, human rights abuses or military purposes. Universities and governments remain unable to effectively manage risks that come with growing collaboration with PRC entities. There’s little accessible information on the military and security links of PRC universities. This knowledge gap limits the effectiveness of risk-management efforts. What’s the solution? Efforts to manage the risks of engaging with PRC universities should involve close collaboration between governments and universities. Both share a concern for protecting national interests, ensuring the integrity of research, preventing engagement from being exploited by rival militaries or for human rights abuses, and increasing the transparency of research collaboration. The Australian Government should establish a national research integrity office and refine and enforce foreign interference and export controls legislation. It should use the China Defence Universities Tracker to improve the screening of visa applicants and inform decisions to award research funding. Universities should be proactive in their efforts to concretely improve how research collaboration is managed. The China Defence Universities Tracker is a tool to help universities and researchers understand institutions in China and avoid harmful collaborations. Universities can use the recently published Guidelines to counter foreign interference in the Australian university sector to help review their management of collaboration.2 They should introduce clauses into agreements with PRC entities to terminate those agreements in the case of specific ethical concerns or indications of research going towards a military end use. Universities could demonstrate their commitment to these initiatives by establishing independent research integrity offices that promote transparency and evaluate compliance with ethics, values and security interests, serving as administratively distinct bodies that avoid influence from internal university politics.
Topic:: Defense Policy, National Security, Military Affairs, and Higher Education
Political Geography:: China and Asia

74. The Writing Center as a Mechanism For Preventing Plagiarism in Students’ Works: Foreign and National Universities Experience

Author:: Viktor Drozdov and Galina Oleinikova
Publication Date:: 03-2019
Content Type:: Journal Article
Journal:: Studies of Changing Societies Journal (SCS)
Institution:: Studies of Changing Societies Journal (SCS)
Abstract:: The role of writing centers in the formation of the academic writing skills and preventing academic plagiarism among students of American and European universities is researched, the experience of writing centers in Ukrainian universities is characterized, the prospects of their activity are determined in the context of the formation of the quality system of higher education in Ukraine. Based on the analysis of the websites of university centers of writing, their structure and forms of work with students of different educational levels are revealed. Defining a wide range of tasks of the writing centers, the author's focus the attention on the methods of preventing academic plagiarism in student works. The article presents the experience of well-known American writing centers with students, specifies online resources that provide a significant amount of methodological materials for the formation of the culture of scientific speech.
Topic:: Reform, Higher Education, Academia, Writing Center, Plagiarism, and Academic Integrity
Political Geography:: Europe, Ukraine, and United States of America

75. Strategies in Planning Research Integrity Training at Ukrainian University

Author:: Olena Knysh
Publication Date:: 03-2019
Content Type:: Journal Article
Journal:: Studies of Changing Societies Journal (SCS)
Institution:: Studies of Changing Societies Journal (SCS)
Abstract:: In recent years, much work has been done to promote integrity in academic community in Ukraine. Still, educational interventions introduced to the local level have not yet become an effective instrument to foster integrity in academia. This paper aims to discuss the key motivational factors that influence the effectiveness of integrity trainings for early-career researchers at Ukrainian universities in order to identify the possibly gaps during implementation of research integrity education at the institutional level. The article is based on the experience of conducting the research integrity workshops at the regional institution of higher education. Data was carried out as a qualitative face-to-face semi-structured interviews to learn about the sources of knowledge on research integrity. The findings of the study may help to identify key factors that influence the effectiveness of research integrity trainings, and develop effective tools to promote research integrity at the Ukrainian higher educational institutions.
Topic:: Education, Research, Higher Education, and Academic Integrity
Political Geography:: Europe and Ukraine

76. Plagiarism Attitude Scale as a Tool Of Understanding Academic Integrity Values

Author:: Svitlana Chukanova
Publication Date:: 03-2019
Content Type:: Journal Article
Journal:: Studies of Changing Societies Journal (SCS)
Institution:: Studies of Changing Societies Journal (SCS)
Abstract:: As Ukraine has chosen a course to European integration, it is obvious that there is a necessity in revising all the standards and it is very important to pay great attention to education and academic ethics. Especially crucial topics are a violation of Academic Integrity principles such as cheating and plagiarism, thus students must be sure that they know what plagiarism is, and what the consequences of it are.
Topic:: Law, Ethics, Research, Regional Integration, Higher Education, and Academic Integrity
Political Geography:: Europe and Ukraine

77. Academic Integrity In Transitional Societies (Ukraine)

Author:: Bielova Valeriia
Publication Date:: 03-2019
Content Type:: Journal Article
Journal:: Studies of Changing Societies Journal (SCS)
Institution:: Studies of Changing Societies Journal (SCS)
Abstract:: The modern scientific world literally breaks the discussion about the quality of scientific research, the reliability of research practices, the purity of the experiment, plagiarism and dishonesty. Solid men, whose creative reserve is measured by hundreds of scientific publications, and young scientists who are making only first steps in science, officials from science and the scientific community today put forward to each other a huge amount of both fair and fake accusations that can lead to a split of a large Institute of national science and education, the suspension of scientific research, the deformation of their main functions − to pave the way to the truth, and from it — to practice.
Topic:: Higher Education, Academia, Transition, and Academic Integrity
Political Geography:: Europe and Ukraine

78. Breaches of Academic Integrity in Ukraine: Issues on Copyrights Disposal

Author:: Alla Smorodyna
Publication Date:: 03-2019
Content Type:: Journal Article
Journal:: Studies of Changing Societies Journal (SCS)
Institution:: Studies of Changing Societies Journal (SCS)
Abstract:: First part of this paper reviews how Ukrainian law regulates creation, disposal and transfer of the intellectual property rights on educational literary works (books, textbooks, study guidelines etc.) produced by the academics employed in Ukrainian Higher Educational Institutions (so called HEIs). Economic intellectual property rights on such works may belong to the academic, to the University or to them jointly. It is proved that academics enjoy with moral intellectual property rights and are keeping such rights not depending on the fact of transfer of the economic intellectual property rights. Second part of this paper reviews issues on regulation and application of the principles of academic integrity to the academics from the perspective of Ukrainian law. As a result it is studied the consequences of breach of academic integrity principles and its co- relation with copyright infringement.
Topic:: Intellectual Property/Copyright, Law, Higher Education, and Academic Integrity
Political Geography:: Europe and Ukraine

79. NERINT/UFRGS: 20 Years Analyzing International Relations

Author:: Paulo Fagundes Visentini and Guilherme Thudium
Publication Date:: 08-2019
Content Type:: Journal Article
Journal:: AUSTRAL: Brazilian Journal of Strategy International Relations
Institution:: Postgraduate Program in International Strategic Studies, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul
Abstract:: The purpose of this introductory article is to offer both a presentation and a brief history of the Brazilian Center for Strategy and International Relations (NERINT), a research center linked to the Dean's Office at the Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS) through the Center for International Studies on Government (CEGOV) and responsible for publishing AUSTRAL: Brazilian Journal of Strategy and International Relations. Founded in 1999, NERINT was the first center in Southern Brazil to focus its study and research exclusively on the field of International Relations. We argue that NERINT contributed not only to the establishment of undergraduate courses and graduate programs in the field of International Relations at UFRGS, but also to the critical and innovative study of the systemic transformations of international relations in Brazil.
Topic:: International Relations, Education, Intellectual History, and Higher Education
Political Geography:: Brazil and South America

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COLUMBIA UNIVERSITY PRESS