Publishing Institution: United Nations University / Political Geography: Global Focus / Publication Year: within 10 Years / Topic: Economic Growth

Author:: Ines A. Ferreira, Vincenzo Salvucci, and Finn Tarp
Publication Date:: 04-2022
Content Type:: Working Paper
Institution:: United Nations University
Abstract:: Reducing poverty and inequality and promoting inclusive growth are fundamental to achieving the United Nations Sustainable Development Goals. Much has changed in the global economy in recent decades and perspectives on progress made vary widely. This is even more so in light of the ongoing COVID-19 pandemic. However, getting to grips in a meaningful manner with existing trends is critical to evidence-based policy-making. This contribution aims to provide an original review and evaluation of the main stylized facts concerning poverty, inequality, and growth. It will uncover existing trends, put controversies into perspective, and help to provide a platform for informed policy debate.
Topic:: Poverty, Inequality, Sustainable Development Goals, and Economic Growth
Political Geography:: Global Focus

Author:: Kwamivi Gomado
Publication Date:: 08-2022
Content Type:: Working Paper
Institution:: United Nations University
Abstract:: While the negative effects of the 2008 global financial crisis on labour productivity are still fresh in people’s minds, the COVID-19 pandemic raises concerns that productivity will continue to decline. To boost labour productivity and regain economic performance, there is an empirical consensus on the role of structural reforms that allows an efficient reallocation of resources such as labour by reducing rigidities in markets. This study analyses the role of certain structural reforms in improving labour productivity in 35 developing countries over the period of 1990–2014. From the local projection method, our results show that structural reforms have a positive impact on productivity growth in the short and medium terms. The results also illustrate that reforms induce an efficient reallocation of resources within but not between sectors. Taking the business cycle into account in estimates shows that structural reforms stimulate labour productivity growth better in periods of low economic growth.
Topic:: Labor Issues, Financial Crisis, Reform, Business, Economic Growth, and Productivity
Political Geography:: Global Focus

Author:: Tony Addison, Jukka Pirttilä, and Finn Tarp
Publication Date:: 02-2019
Content Type:: Policy Brief
Institution:: United Nations University
Abstract:: When measured in relative terms, global inequality has been decreasing. However, in absolute terms it has been increasing. What does this mean for analysing and addressing inequality? While it remains vital to continue reducing the global incidence of poverty, inequality has risen both in international and national agendas. Inequalities — in incomes, assets, and human development — matter for citizens as ethical and political issues. Large inequalities matter for economic development as they and can slow economic growth, generate economic crises, and destabilize political systems.
Topic:: Development, Poverty, Inequality, and Economic Growth
Political Geography:: Global Focus

Author:: Tony Addison and Finn Tarp
Publication Date:: 08-2015
Content Type:: Policy Brief
Institution:: United Nations University
Abstract:: The design and implementation of effective aid policy requires a deeper understanding of the impact of aid and the overall environment in which development aid operates. This policy brief addresses four areas which are key to understanding how aid works: the relationship between aid and economic growth, the effects of aid volatility, the benefits of co-operation, and the macroeconomic management of aid flows.
Topic:: Foreign Aid, Economic Growth, and Macroeconomics
Political Geography:: Global Focus

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