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53522. A Profile of The Foreign-Born in Lowell, Massachusetts
- Author:
- Katherine Lotspeich, Michael Fix, Dan Perez-Lopez, and Jason Ost
- Publication Date:
- 10-2003
- Content Type:
- Working Paper
- Institution:
- Urban Institute
- Abstract:
- The Building the New American Community demonstration project is an experiment in refugee and immigrant integration in which the cities of Lowell, Massachusetts; Nashville, Tennessee; and Portland, Oregon formed coalitions to identify integration challenges in their com m unities and address them collaboratively. These cities were assisted by a national team of policy analysts, advocates, and researchers from the Nation al Conference of State Legislatures, the National Immigration Forum, the Southeast Asia Resource Action Center, The Urban Institute, and the Migration Policy Institute.
- Topic:
- Demographics, Human Welfare, and Migration
- Political Geography:
- United States
53523. Immigrants and TANF: A Look at Immigrant Welfare Recipients in Three Cities
- Author:
- Karen C. Tumlin and Wendy Zimmermann
- Publication Date:
- 10-2003
- Content Type:
- Working Paper
- Institution:
- Urban Institute
- Abstract:
- The federal welfare reform act of 1996 (the Personal Responsibility and Work Opportunity Reconciliation Act, or PRWORA) dramatically revamped the welfare system, turning it into a block grant program run by the states, imposing new, stricter work requirements and setting a five-year lifetime limit on benefit receipt. For immigrants the law did all that and much more. In a major departure from previous policy, the law sharply curtailed noncitizens' eligibility for welfare and other major federal benefits.
- Topic:
- Government, Human Welfare, and Migration
- Political Geography:
- United States
53524. A Profile of the Foreign-Born in the Portland, Oregon Tri-County Area
- Author:
- Katherine Lotspeich, Michael Fix, Dan Perez-Lopez, and Jason Ost
- Publication Date:
- 10-2003
- Content Type:
- Working Paper
- Institution:
- Urban Institute
- Abstract:
- The Building the New American Community demonstration project is an experiment in refugee and immigrant integration in which the cities of Lowell, Massachusetts; Nashville, Tennessee; and Portland, Oregon, formed coalitions to identify integration challenges in their communities and address them collaboratively. These cities were assisted by a national team of policy analysts, advocates, and researchers from the National Conference of State Legislatures, the National Immigration Forum, the Southeast Asia Resource Action Center, The Urban Institute, and the Migration Policy Institute.
- Topic:
- Demographics, Economics, and Migration
- Political Geography:
- United States
53525. Budget Crisis at the Door
- Author:
- C. Eugene Steuerle and Rudolph G. Penner
- Publication Date:
- 10-2003
- Content Type:
- Working Paper
- Institution:
- Urban Institute
- Abstract:
- In 1995 the Bipartisan Commission on Entitlement and Tax Reform concluded that “If we do not plan for the future, entitlement spending promises will exceed financial resources in the next century. The current spending trend is unsustainable … If we fail to act, we have made a choice that threatens the economic future of our children and our nation” (U.S. Congress 1995). Now, well into the next century, we have still failed to act. Yet the problem not only remains, but in many ways has intensified simply because we are years closer to the day of reckoning. Relative to both available revenues and societal needs, we have promised more than we can afford to an elderly and fairly well-off near-elderly population that will soon grow very rapidly as the baby boomers retire and life expectancy continues to increase.
- Topic:
- Demographics, Economics, and Government
- Political Geography:
- United States
53526. Options to Finance the Additional War Costs
- Author:
- Leonard E. Burman and Jeff Rohaly
- Publication Date:
- 09-2003
- Content Type:
- Working Paper
- Institution:
- Urban Institute
- Abstract:
- The President has requested an additional $87 billion to finance the war and reconstruction costs in Iraq. Commentators and some members of Congress have expressed an interest in options to offset these additional costs so as not to add on to the burgeoning budget deficit, which CBO estimates to be $480 billion in fiscal year 2004. This note considers four options to raise approximately enough revenue to finance the additional war costs. The estimates are approximate because they do not account for additional tax avoidance that higher rates might provoke, a significant factor in official revenue estimates.
- Topic:
- Government, Political Economy, and War
- Political Geography:
- United States and Iraq
53527. Contracting with NGOs for Social Services: Building Civil Society and Efficient Local Government in Russia
- Author:
- Raymond Struyk
- Publication Date:
- 09-2003
- Content Type:
- Working Paper
- Institution:
- Urban Institute
- Abstract:
- A decade after the beginning of the transition to democracy in Eastern Europe and the Soviet Union it is clear that the nonprofit sector has developed remarkably in many countries in the region. Progress is especially striking in Eastern Europe (EE); on the other hand, development has been notably limited in most countries of the Commonwealth of Independent States (CIS) where liberal democracy has had little chance to take root (Anheier and Seibel 1998; Hyatt, Cooper, and Knight 1998; Kuti 1999; Nowicki 2000; Quigley 2000). Kendell,Anheier, and Potucek (2000).
- Topic:
- Development, Human Welfare, and Non-Governmental Organization
- Political Geography:
- Russia, Europe, Eastern Europe, and Soviet Union
53528. Trends in Naturalization
- Author:
- Michael E. Fix, Jeffrey S. Passel, and Kenneth Sucher
- Publication Date:
- 09-2003
- Content Type:
- Working Paper
- Institution:
- Urban Institute
- Abstract:
- The Policy Imperative Naturalization is the gateway to citizenship for immigrants and to full membership and political participation in U.S. society. The importance of naturalization—and citizenship—has risen since the mid-1990s, when welfare and illegal immigration reform based access to public benefits and selected rights increasingly on citizenship.
- Topic:
- Demographics, Government, and Migration
- Political Geography:
- United States
53529. Unemployment Protection in Chile
- Author:
- Wayne Vroman
- Publication Date:
- 08-2003
- Content Type:
- Working Paper
- Institution:
- Urban Institute
- Abstract:
- Interruptions of earnings caused by unemployment and reductions in the real value of earnings caused by inflation are two important risks that face persons active in the labor market. The following paragraphs discuss these phenomena and the possible mechanisms for addressing the risks that they pose.
- Topic:
- Economics, Government, and Human Welfare
- Political Geography:
- South America, Latin America, and Chile
53530. The New Neighbors: A User's Guide to Data on Immigrants in U.S. Communities
- Author:
- Randy Capps, Michael E. Fix, Dan Perez-Lopez, and Jeffrey S. Passel
- Publication Date:
- 08-2003
- Content Type:
- Working Paper
- Institution:
- Urban Institute
- Abstract:
- Immigrant integration is now a key issue for communities across the nation. States and communities that had seen few immigrants as recently as 1990 are now welcoming new arrivals in unprecedented numbers. Although new immigrants continue to settle in the traditional U.S. centers of immigration—including California, Florida, New York, and Texas—the states with the currently fastest growing immigrant populations have not seen similar inflows for almost a century, if ever. According to the 2000 Census, these new destination states include North Carolina, Georgia, and Tennessee (at the top of the list) and other states in the Southeast, as well as states across the Midwest and up into the Pacific Northwest.
- Topic:
- Demographics, Government, and Migration
- Political Geography:
- United States, New York, California, Georgia, Texas, and Florida