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- Author: Qiyuan Xu
- Publication Date: 01-2018
- Content Type: Working Paper
- Institution: Institute for World Economics and Politics
- Abstract: In 2017, the Chinese economy rebounded more significantly than expected. There is now general anticipation that growth in 2018 will fall slightly compared with that of 2017, but that it will remain stable at 6.5 percent or above. However, there are some factors that could lead to downward pressure on investment and consumption in 2018
- Topic: International Political Economy, International Affairs
- Political Geography: China
- Author: Ville Sinkkonen, Mika Aaltola
- Publication Date: 01-2018
- Content Type: Working Paper
- Institution: The Finnish Institute for International Affairs
- Abstract: Donald Trump’s first year as President has been marked by continuity in US security policy, a partial challenge to the global principles of free trade, and a sea change in commitments to the liberal international order. These reflect a view of the international system as a zero-sum competitive realm.
- Topic: International Political Economy, Political Theory, Capitalism
- Political Geography: Global Focus
- Publication Date: 01-2018
- Content Type: Working Paper
- Institution: LSE IDEAS
- Abstract: This LSE IDEAS Special Report - with senior contributors from politics, journalism, and academia - looks at the internal causes and consequences of the return of the 'Middle Kingdom'. It explores the extent to which Deng's momentous economic reforms in 1978 have shaped modern China, what the country's expanded international role under Xi means, and who really makes Chinese foreign policy.
- Topic: International Affairs, Global Political Economy
- Political Geography: China
- Author: Samantha Custer, Elizabeth M King, Tamar Manuelyan Atinc, Lindsay Read, Kabir Sethi
- Publication Date: 02-2018
- Content Type: Working Paper
- Institution: The Brookings Institution
- Abstract: Today, 650 million children around the globe are at risk of being left behind as they fail to learn basic skills. Inequitable access to education is part of the problem, but even when children are in school, they may not be learning. In Uganda, for instance, barely half of grade 6 children read at a grade 2 level (Uwezo, 2016). In India, just one in four children enrolled in grade 5 can read a simple sentence or complete simple division problems (ASER Centre, 2017).
- Topic: Education, International Cooperation
- Political Geography: Global Focus
- Author: Johannes Lang, Rens van Munster, Robin May Schott
- Publication Date: 02-2018
- Content Type: Working Paper
- Institution: Danish Institute for International Studies
- Abstract: Disagreements on how to define “autonomy” are stalling formal UN discussions on the compliance of autonomous weapons with international humanitarian law. A pragmatic approach that focuses on the weapon’s critical functions, such as target selection and firing, can help move discussions forward in the future.
- Topic: International Security
- Political Geography: Global Focus
- Author: Jean Pascal Zanders
- Publication Date: 01-2018
- Content Type: Working Paper
- Institution: The Geneva Centre for Security Policy
- Abstract: This Policy Forum issue analyses both progress made by and challenges facing the Chemical Weapons Convention (CWC) and Biological and Toxin Weapons Convention (BTWC). It does so in order to explore under what conditions and to what extent these two conventions might help build a zone in the Middle East free of weapons of mass destruction (WMD) and their delivery vehicles (DVs). Finally, the issue presents some options for the future and a major long-term initiative towards this ambitious goal.
- Topic: International Relations
- Political Geography: Global Focus
- Author: Ana Karen Negrete-García
- Publication Date: 01-2018
- Content Type: Working Paper
- Institution: German Institute of Global and Area Studies
- Abstract: This paper investigates the existence and nature of constraints prevailing among Mexican microenterprises. It provides inter‐temporal insights by relying on firm‐level data span‐ning from 1994 to 2012. A performance index is defined based on firm levels of capital stock and monthly profits, and is used to estimate the empirical probability of a business’s success. The predicted values are used to classify every microenterprise into one of three categories: upper, middle, or lower segment. Overall, the study provides evidence of con‐ strained productivity and capital misallocation. Specifically, middle‐segment firms exhibit entrepreneurial features and their average marginal returns are 15 percent. Because this segment faces mainly external constraints, cost‐effective interventions are plausible. Re‐garding the lower‐segment firms, it is estimated that their average monthly marginal re‐ turns are 30 per cent, compared to 1 per cent for the upper segment. It is also shown that, over time, the share that middle‐segment firms represent relative to all microenterprises increased from 16 to 22 percent. Lastly, the sources of variation in monthly profits among segments are explored using the Oaxaca‐Blinder decomposition method.
- Topic: International Political Economy
- Political Geography: Mexico
- Author: Hernan Flom
- Publication Date: 01-2018
- Content Type: Working Paper
- Institution: Kellogg Institute for International Studies
- Abstract: In many developing countries with weak formal institutions, sectors within the state protect organized criminal activities, allowing illicit markets to thrive. This article posits that how state actors regulate drug trafficking affects the levels of violence associated with such criminal activity. I argue that political competition influences coordination within the police and leads to different types of regulatory regimes. On the one hand, coordinated forces implement protection rackets that contain violence. On the other, uncoordinated police carry out particularistic negotiations with drug traffickers that exacerbate criminal violence. I illustrate this argument with a subnational comparison of two Argentine provinces, Buenos Aires and Santa Fe, during a period in which both witnessed a surge in drug trafficking but only one (Santa Fe) suffered a dramatic increase in criminal violence. These cases show how corrupt states can obtain relative order in highly fragmented drug markets, and how the police shape the evolution of drug dealing in metropolitan areas.
- Topic: Corruption, Narcotics Trafficking
- Political Geography: Argentina
- Author: Alain Tschudin, Albert Trithart
- Publication Date: 02-2018
- Content Type: Working Paper
- Institution: International Peace Institute
- Abstract: While the importance of good governance to sustaining peace is widely recognized, the focus tends to be on national governance. This overlooks the crucial role of local governance actors, particularly when the central government is fragmented or lacks broad legitimacy. These actors include not only formal institutions like municipal governments but also a mix of other actors that could range from traditional chieftaincies to community-based organizations to religious institutions.
- Topic: International Affairs
- Political Geography: Global Focus
- Author: Nadav Shragai
- Publication Date: 02-2018
- Content Type: Working Paper
- Institution: Jerusalem Center for Public Affairs
- Abstract: A new survey, conducted by the Palestinian Center for Public Opinion among the Arabs of east Jerusalem, indicates an increasing desire among the city’s Arab population to participate in upcoming municipal elections.
- Topic: International Cooperation
- Political Geography: Israel
- Author: Nadav Shragai
- Publication Date: 01-2018
- Content Type: Working Paper
- Institution: Jerusalem Center for Public Affairs
- Abstract: A plan to build a Jewish residential neighborhood in Givat Hamatos (Airplane Hill) in southern Jerusalem was approved in 2014, but has been frozen for four years due to pressure from the U.S. and EU countries. The area is adjacent to a main traffic artery of west Jerusalem.
- Topic: International Affairs
- Political Geography: Israel
- Author: Nadav Shragai
- Publication Date: 01-2018
- Content Type: Working Paper
- Institution: Jerusalem Center for Public Affairs
- Abstract: President Trump’s recognition of Jerusalem as Israel’s capital puts into deep-freeze plans for a division of the city.
- Topic: International Affairs
- Political Geography: Jerusalem
- Author: Dahlia Scheindlin
- Publication Date: 03-2018
- Content Type: Working Paper
- Institution: Mitvim: The Israeli Institute for Regional Foreign Policies
- Abstract: Fresh thinking for old problems: comparing conflicts to advance Israeli-Palestinian peace
- Topic: International Affairs
- Political Geography: Israel
- Publication Date: 02-2018
- Content Type: Working Paper
- Institution: Mitvim: The Israeli Institute for Regional Foreign Policies
- Abstract: Israel's Policy toward the Far-Right Party in Austria, Summary of a Knesset Meeting.
- Topic: International Affairs
- Political Geography: Global Focus
- Publication Date: 02-2018
- Content Type: Working Paper
- Institution: Mitvim: The Israeli Institute for Regional Foreign Policies
- Abstract: The Collapse of Israel's Foreign Service, Summary of a Knesset Conference, February 2018
- Topic: International Affairs
- Political Geography: Global Focus
- Publication Date: 01-2018
- Content Type: Working Paper
- Institution: Mitvim: The Israeli Institute for Regional Foreign Policies
- Abstract: The Crisis in Israel-Jordan Relations, Summary of a Knesset Conference, January 2018
- Topic: International Affairs
- Political Geography: Global Focus
17. Voting Patterns in UN Institutions Regarding Israel, 2009-2017, Dr. Roee Kibrik & Dr. Nimrod Goren
- Author: Nimrod Goren, Roee Kibrik
- Publication Date: 01-2018
- Content Type: Working Paper
- Institution: Mitvim: The Israeli Institute for Regional Foreign Policies
- Abstract: Voting Patterns in UN Institutions Regarding Israel, 2009-2017, Dr. Roee Kibrik & Dr. Nimrod Goren
- Topic: International Affairs
- Political Geography: Israel
18. Opportunities for Israel's Foreign Relations towards 2018, Mitvim's Annual Conference, Panel Summary
- Publication Date: 12-2018
- Content Type: Working Paper
- Institution: Mitvim: The Israeli Institute for Regional Foreign Policies
- Abstract: The 2017 annual conference of the Mitvim Institute was held on 1 November 2017 in Jerusalem, in cooperation with the Friedrich-Ebert-Stiftung. As part of the conference, a public panel was held on opportunities for Israel’s foreign relations towards 2018. It featured Helit Barel, Prof. Elie Podeh, Dr. Thabet Abu Rass, and Eran Etzion who spoke about issues related to the Iran nuclear deal, Israel-US relations, Israel in the Middle East, the involvement of Israel’s Arab citizens in foreign affairs, Israeli-European relations, and the status of the Israeli Ministry of Foreign Affairs (MFA).
- Topic: International Affairs
- Political Geography: Israel
- Author: Niklas Bremberg
- Publication Date: 01-2018
- Content Type: Working Paper
- Institution: Stockholm International Peace Research Institute
- Abstract: Research suggests that states and societies around the world are increasingly confronted by climate-related security risks. These risks are unavoidably transnational in character, and intergovernmental organizations (IGOs) are instrumental in developing policy solutions and enhancing international cooperation. However, previous research highlights that knowledge about the conditions under which IGOs address climate security risks, and when they do so effectively, is incomplete. There is a need for further in-depth analysis of relevant IGOs in the field of climate security.
- Topic: International Affairs
- Political Geography: Europe
- Author: Jaïr van der Lijn
- Publication Date: 02-2018
- Content Type: Working Paper
- Institution: Stockholm International Peace Research Institute
- Abstract: Multilateral peace operations are increasingly confronting a set of interrelated and mutually reinforcing security challenges that are relatively new to them, that do not respect borders, and that have causes and effects which cut right across the international security, peacebuilding and development agendas. As a result, the New Geopolitics of Peace Operations III: Non‑Traditional Security Challenges initiative seeks to enhance understanding about peace operations and non-traditional security challenges such as terrorism and violent extremism, irregular migration, piracy, organized crime and environmental degradation. As a part of this initiative, this SIPRI Background Paper explores the ‘non-traditional’ security challenges that organized crime presents to multilateral peace operations.
- Topic: International Affairs
- Political Geography: Global Focus