Publishing Institution: Oxfam Publishing / Political Geography: Caribbean / Topic: Natural Disasters

Author:: Marc J. Cohen and Bhawan Singh
Publication Date:: 03-2014
Content Type:: Working Paper
Institution:: Oxfam Publishing
Abstract:: Haiti's climate has changed over the past four decades. Annual mean temperatures have risen, and the rainy season now begins up to three months later than usual. Projections of future climate change indicate that annual mean temperatures will continue to rise over the course of the 21st century. Rainfall variability is also expected to increase, meaning more extreme droughts in the dry season and more intense rainfall in the wet season. Sea-level rise and increased storm surges are also expected. The coastal plains are increasingly subject to the influx of saltwater, and as ocean surges lead to saltier soils, farmers can no longer cultivate them. These factors will exacerbate current serious problems of flooding and erosion in coastal areas that lie in the direct path of tropical storms and hurricanes. In the absence of significant adaptation efforts, these dynamics will in turn have severe impacts on water resources, land, agriculture, and forests. Annual population growth of 1.5 per cent means over 11 million mouths to feed by 2020 and additional pressure on agricultural resources.
Topic:: Climate Change, Development, Poverty, Natural Disasters, and Infrastructure
Political Geography:: Caribbean and Haiti

Author:: Lucy Davies
Publication Date:: 01-2012
Content Type:: Working Paper
Institution:: Oxfam Publishing
Abstract:: Even before the earthquake struck on January 12, 2010, Haiti was one of the poorest countries in the world. In Port-au-Prince, 86 percent of the city\'s two million residents lived in densely-populated slums with scarce access to clean water and sanitation facilities. The scale of the disaster, combined with the poverty and lack of infrastructure that already existed, made the relief operation one of the most challenging that Oxfam has ever undertaken.
Topic:: Humanitarian Aid, Natural Disasters, and Foreign Aid
Political Geography:: Caribbean

Author:: Marc Cohen
Publication Date:: 01-2012
Content Type:: Policy Brief
Institution:: Oxfam Publishing
Abstract:: The earthquake that hit Haiti on 12 January 2010 resulted in one of the largest and most complex humanitarian emergencies in history. In response, humanitarian agencies undertook one of the biggest and most challenging operations ever, mainly in a densely urbanized area.
Topic:: Economics, Health, and Natural Disasters
Political Geography:: Caribbean

Author:: Steve Jennings
Publication Date:: 05-2011
Content Type:: Working Paper
Institution:: Oxfam Publishing
Abstract:: This report analyses the number of reported disasters in those regions where the majority of the world's poor and vulnerable people live: sub-Saharan Africa, South and South-East Asia, and Latin America and the Caribbean. It presents analysis of the trends in the number of reported disasters, assesses what country-level factors influence the reported number of disasters, and compares the findings with independent published studies.
Topic:: Poverty and Natural Disasters
Political Geography:: Africa, South Asia, and Caribbean

Publication Date:: 01-2011
Content Type:: Working Paper
Institution:: Oxfam Publishing
Abstract:: Even before the earthquake struck on 12 January 2010, Haiti was the poorest nation in the Western hemisphere, ranked by the United Nations Development Programme as one of the world's 50 poorest countries (2009). In short, life was already a struggle for most families. Then the earthquake hit, and lives were turned upside down. It was the most powerful earthquake in Haiti for 200 years.
Topic:: Development, Human Welfare, Humanitarian Aid, Poverty, and Natural Disasters
Political Geography:: United Nations, Caribbean, and Haiti

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