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2. What Works in Youth Projects? Lessons for the Youth, Peace, and Security Field
- Author:
- Rebecca Ebenezer-Abiola and Jeremy Moore
- Publication Date:
- 10-2020
- Content Type:
- Special Report
- Institution:
- United States Institute of Peace
- Abstract:
- Until the adoption of U.N. Security Council Resolution (UNSCR) 2250 in 2015, the international community had no comprehensive framework with which to address the specific needs and opportunities of a key demographic group—young people. This report presents the findings of a meta-review assessing fifty-one youth projects supported or implemented by USIP between 2011 and 2018 and offers recommendations for continuing to develop and support peacebuilding activities with effective engagement, cooperation, and flexibility among civil society organizations and funders.
- Topic:
- Security, Civil Society, Demographics, United Nations, Youth, and Peace
- Political Geography:
- Global Focus
3. Addressing Fragility in a Global Pandemic: Elements of a Successful U.S. Strategy
- Author:
- Corinne Graff
- Publication Date:
- 12-2020
- Content Type:
- Special Report
- Institution:
- United States Institute of Peace
- Abstract:
- The Global Fragility Act (GFA), passed by Congress and signed into law in 2019, requires the State Department, USAID, and other agencies to put in place for the first time a comprehensive strategy to address state fragility, violent conflict, and extremism, relying on best practices that are key to more effective and integrated U.S. policy. This report focuses on six key themes in the legislation, drawing on the expertise of leading peacebuilding and development experts to help generate practical solutions for advancing the GFA.
- Topic:
- Development, Fragile States, Pandemic, USAID, Resilience, and COVID-19
- Political Geography:
- Global Focus and United States of America
4. Violence Prevention through Election Observation
- Author:
- Larry Garber
- Publication Date:
- 08-2020
- Content Type:
- Special Report
- Institution:
- United States Institute of Peace
- Abstract:
- For many years, election-related violence has posed a serious threat to the integrity of electoral processes worldwide. To prevent or minimize such violence, the international community has often relied upon election observation missions, which incorporate an extended on-the-ground presence and proactive mediation by international and domestic actors. This report discusses the challenge observer missions face in confronting election violence, and suggests how preventive efforts can be enhanced through improved, multi-mandate observation practices.
- Topic:
- Conflict Prevention, Elections, and Violence
- Political Geography:
- Global Focus
5. Preventing Sexual Exploitation and Abuse by Male Peacekeepers
- Author:
- Jessica Anania, Angelina Mendes, and Robert U. Nagel
- Publication Date:
- 09-2020
- Content Type:
- Special Report
- Institution:
- United States Institute of Peace
- Abstract:
- Sexual exploitation and abuse by United Nations peacekeeping forces first came to international attention more than a quarter century ago. Despite numerous U.N. policy responses, the problem persists, harming individuals, jeopardizing missions, and undermining the credibility and legitimacy of U.N. peacekeeping operations. This report addresses the question of why more progress has not been made in preventing these violations and draws attention to ways in which prevention efforts can be strengthened and made more effective.
- Topic:
- Gender Issues, United Nations, Peacekeeping, Sexual Violence, and Abuse
- Political Geography:
- Global Focus
6. Searching for COVID-19 Ceasefires: Conflict Zone Impacts, Needs, and Opportunities
- Author:
- Tyler Jess Thompson
- Publication Date:
- 09-2020
- Content Type:
- Special Report
- Institution:
- United States Institute of Peace
- Abstract:
- On March 23, 2020, as COVID-19 was first appearing in many conflict-affected areas, U.N. Secretary-General António Guterres issued a call for warring parties to cease hostilities and instead wage battle against the pandemic. Drawing on an examination of conflicts in Afghanistan, Colombia, Cameroon, Israel and Palestine, Libya, the Philippines, Syria, Ukraine, and elsewhere—this report looks at how COVID-19 has affected conflict parties’ interests, positions, and capacities, and provides recommendation for how the international community leverage the pandemic to promote peace.
- Topic:
- United Nations, Conflict, Peace, Pandemic, and COVID-19
- Political Geography:
- Afghanistan, Ukraine, Israel, Libya, Philippines, Colombia, Palestine, Syria, Cameroon, and Global Focus
7. Disengagement and Reconciliation in Conflict-Affected Settings
- Author:
- Leanne Erdberg Steadman
- Publication Date:
- 08-2020
- Content Type:
- Special Report
- Institution:
- United States Institute of Peace
- Abstract:
- Even in brutal and desperate conflict settings, it is possible for people to abandon violence and leave violent groups. Peacebuilders know this well—yet terrorism and counterterrorism policies and practices have often neglected practical ways to address participants in violent extremism and failed to provide them opportunities to reject violence. This report examines how peacebuilding tools can help transform the individual attitudes, group relationships, and social ecosystems and structures needed to facilitate the effective disengagement and reconciliation of former members of violent extremist groups.
- Topic:
- Violent Extremism, Conflict, Peace, Reconciliation, and Disengagement
- Political Geography:
- Global Focus
8. Preparing the Global Counterterrorism Forum for the Next Decade
- Author:
- Eric Rosand
- Publication Date:
- 08-2020
- Content Type:
- Special Report
- Institution:
- United States Institute of Peace
- Abstract:
- In the two decades since the 9/11 attacks, terrorist networks have become more global and interconnected even as they remain locally tethered. The transnational and localized nature of the threat underscores the continued importance of international cooperation in all aspects of a response. This report explores the work of the Global Counterterrorism Forum, launched in 2011 to energize such cooperation, and how best to position it for an effective and far-reaching future.
- Topic:
- Terrorism, Violent Extremism, Counter-terrorism, and Peace
- Political Geography:
- Global Focus
9. Water Conflict Pathways and Peacebuilding Strategies
- Author:
- David Michel
- Publication Date:
- 08-2020
- Content Type:
- Special Report
- Institution:
- United States Institute of Peace
- Abstract:
- No modern states have ever declared war over water. In fact, nations dependent on shared water sources have collaborated far more frequently than they have clashed. Nevertheless, global surveys have counted over forty hostile, militarized international actions over water—from riots to border skirmishes to larger battles—in the first six decades after World War II. This report reviews the pathways that link water resource pressures to conflict risks and describes how peacebuilding strategies such as water diplomacy can help mitigate these risks.
- Topic:
- Economics, Environment, Natural Resources, Water, and Peace
- Political Geography:
- Global Focus
10. Injecting Humanity: Community-Focused Responses for People Exiting Violent Extremist Conflict
- Author:
- Chris Bosley
- Publication Date:
- 08-2019
- Content Type:
- Special Report
- Institution:
- United States Institute of Peace
- Abstract:
- Communities worldwide face the challenge of reintegrating people exiting violent extremist conflicts. This report draws on established programs and the recommendations of authoritative bodies to examine community-based approaches to their rehabilitation. Given that criminal justice responses may not always be possible or appropriate, recovery-focused approaches such as resocialization and reconciliation are recommended to minimize risk and foster resilience.
- Topic:
- Violent Extremism, Islamic State, Conflict, Criminal Justice, Risk, and Resilience
- Political Geography:
- Middle East and Global Focus
11. Devolution of Power in Pakistan
- Author:
- Syed Mohammed Ali
- Publication Date:
- 03-2018
- Content Type:
- Special Report
- Institution:
- United States Institute of Peace
- Abstract:
- Passage of the eighteenth amendment to Pakistan’s constitution in 2010 was rightly hailed as a major accomplishment. Not only did it devolve significant powers from the central government to the provinces, it also mandated the formation of local governments to bring government closer to the people. It took half a decade for the provinces to set up local governments—and real decision-making authority and financial resources have been even slower to arrive. In this Special Report, Syed Mohammad Ali takes stock of Pakistan’s devolution process and why its success is critical to the long-term prospects of democracy and the cultivation of new generations of democratic leaders.
- Topic:
- International Affairs
- Political Geography:
- Global Focus
12. The Current Situation in Colombia
- Author:
- USIP
- Publication Date:
- 02-2018
- Content Type:
- Special Report
- Institution:
- United States Institute of Peace
- Abstract:
- A historic peace accord ended the 50-year armed conflict between the Colombian government and the Revolutionary Armed Forces of Colombia (FARC) in 2016. Following the terms of the agreement, in 2017, more than 10,000 FARC combatants surrendered over 8,000 weapons and consolidated into 26 encampments, transitioning to civilian life. Implementing the accord — which means cementing the agreement into national legislation and ensuring its provisions reach all corners of the country equitably — remains difficult.
- Topic:
- International Affairs
- Political Geography:
- Global Focus
13. Mainstreaming Pakistan’s Federally Administered Tribal Areas
- Author:
- Imtiaz Ali
- Publication Date:
- 02-2018
- Content Type:
- Special Report
- Institution:
- United States Institute of Peace
- Abstract:
- Pakistan’s government has recently approved mainstreaming of the Federally Administered Tribal Areas (FATA) in an effort to bring the FATA region within the legal and governance structures of the rest of Pakistan and place it on a footing of parity. The mainstreaming should aid the FATA people economically and reduce militancy in the region, which would contribute greatly to Pakistan’s peace and security. Despite government approval and repeated assurances by the country’s top leadership that changes in the FATA governance system is a must and the status quo must end, the process has been stalled, as there are differences in opinion on the future status of FATA. Still, many tribesmen are hopeful the government will go ahead with the approved plan of mainstreaming FATA and their agony will end.
- Topic:
- International Cooperation
- Political Geography:
- Global Focus
14. The Elusive Peace: Ending Sexual Violence during and after Conflict
- Author:
- Pearl Karuhanga Atuhaire, Nicole Gerring, Laura Huber, Mirgul Kuhns, and Grace Ndirangu
- Publication Date:
- 12-2018
- Content Type:
- Special Report
- Institution:
- United States Institute of Peace
- Abstract:
- Awarding the 2018 Nobel Peace Prize to advocates for survivors of wartime sexual violence, Dr. Denis Mukwege and Nadia Murad, indicates that the issue of sexual abuse has gained international recognition. This comes ten years after the adoption of the UN Security Council Resolution 1820, which declared that conflict-related sexual violence constitutes a war crime and a crime against humanity. This Special Report highlights the limited scope of the resolution, examines the connections between sexual violence and conflict, and urges key stakeholders to view sexual violence—both during conflict and after—as a threat to international peace and security.
- Topic:
- Gender Issues, United Nations, Conflict, Sexual Violence, and Peace
- Political Geography:
- Global Focus