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22. Lessons from Constitution-Making in Tunisia
- Author:
- Duncan Pickard
- Publication Date:
- 12-2012
- Content Type:
- Policy Brief
- Institution:
- Atlantic Council
- Abstract:
- Since October 2011, the National Constituent Assembly of Tunisia has been negotiating and drafting the republic's new constitution, which is intended to institutionalize a new democratic system in the aftermath of the revolution that toppled the dictatorship in January. While the Assembly is still several months away from completing its work and some major issues, notably the system of government, have yet to be resolved, some important lessons have nonetheless emerged that might prove useful for other constitution-making processes worldwide, especially in neighboring Libya.
- Topic:
- Democratization, Government, and Reform
- Political Geography:
- Libya, North Africa, and Tunisia
23. U.S. European Command and NATO'S Strategic Concept: Post-Afghanistan and Beyond
- Author:
- Harlan Ullman
- Publication Date:
- 07-2011
- Content Type:
- Policy Brief
- Institution:
- Atlantic Council
- Abstract:
- Regardless of how the conflict in Afghanistan (along with NATO's role, presence, and draw down) is resolved, one consequence will be to increase the importance of U.S. European Command (EUCOM) both in Europe and for the entire transatlantic community. Whether Operation Enduring Freedom and International Security Assistance Force (ISAF) produce a stunning victory in which Afghanistan emerges as a stable state under the rule of law with a viable government or a rocky withdrawal in the midst of continuing violence with no clear solution in sight, NATO nations will have long tired of that war. Fortunately, the Lisbon Summit with a 2014 end date has eased domestic political pressures over Afghanistan. However, that relief is by no means permanent.
- Topic:
- Defense Policy, Economics, International Cooperation, Military Strategy, and Reform
- Political Geography:
- Afghanistan, United States, and Europe
24. Increasing Outreach, Public Understanding and Support for NATO across the Transatlantic Community
- Author:
- Kurt Volker
- Publication Date:
- 07-2011
- Content Type:
- Policy Brief
- Institution:
- Atlantic Council
- Abstract:
- Fixing NATO's public support problem requires the personal commitment of allied leaders (from Prime Ministers on down); tough decisions on resources, capabilities, and operations in order to restore NATO's credibility; and identifying how NATO's actions directly improve the lives of citizens in NATO countries. NATO must be seen as addressing the right issues, successfully, in a way that citizens of allied countries would feel proud to say "This is My NATO."
- Topic:
- NATO, Diplomacy, International Cooperation, and Reform
- Political Geography:
- Afghanistan and Europe
25. NATO Reform: Key Principles
- Author:
- Kurt Volker and Kevin P. Green
- Publication Date:
- 12-2011
- Content Type:
- Policy Brief
- Institution:
- Atlantic Council
- Abstract:
- The topic of reforming NATO—and in particular cutting costs and improving efficiencies—has been with the Alliance for decades. Throw-away lines such as "Why does NATO have 400 committees?" or "Cut the International Staff by 10 percent" have often been used to signal a rough determination to streamline NATO and make it more efficient.
- Topic:
- Defense Policy, NATO, International Cooperation, and Reform
- Political Geography:
- Europe
26. NATO Agency Reform, Done Right
- Author:
- Marshall Billingslea and Gary Winterberger
- Publication Date:
- 12-2011
- Content Type:
- Policy Brief
- Institution:
- Atlantic Council
- Abstract:
- NATO's forthcoming 2012 Summit in Chicago gives the Alliance's senior decision-makers the opportunity to assess the health of transatlantic relations and to tackle a set of overdue internal issues that have been long postponed due to more pressing operational issues in Afghanistan, Iraq, and then Libya. Chief among these issues is the matter of reforming NATO's own headquarters and its many and varied agencies. A careful reform effort, with a special focus on shared services, restructuring and integration, NATO's human capital, and the procurement and capabilities development structure and process, could pay significant dividends for the Alliance and ensure the more efficient use of already limited resources. While not a panacea, this would go a long way towards preparing the Alliance for future challenges.
- Topic:
- NATO, Diplomacy, Economics, International Cooperation, Science and Technology, and Reform
- Political Geography:
- Afghanistan, Iraq, Libya, and Chicago
27. NATO Reform and Decision-Making
- Author:
- Kurt Volker and Edgar Buckley
- Publication Date:
- 02-2010
- Content Type:
- Policy Brief
- Institution:
- Atlantic Council
- Abstract:
- How can an organization of 28 sovereign countries act together effi ciently to agree policies, invest in common capabilities, manage crises and conduct military operations based on consensus? Obviously, not at all – unless it is founded on strong fundamental principles and shared values, agreed strategies and a tradition of mutual trust. That has always been the assumption underlying NATO's constitutional approach.
- Topic:
- NATO, International Cooperation, and Reform
- Political Geography:
- Europe and North America
28. NATO's Nuclear Policy in 2010
- Author:
- Annette Heuser and Walter Slocombe
- Publication Date:
- 03-2010
- Content Type:
- Policy Brief
- Institution:
- Atlantic Council
- Abstract:
- A critical question for the new Strategic Concept is whether NATO's nuclear policy as outlined in 1999 needs to be altered and, if so, how. This issue brief outlines the questions that will need to be addressed and offers recommendations for addressing nuclear policy in the new Strategic Concept.
- Topic:
- Arms Control and Proliferation, International Cooperation, Nuclear Weapons, and Reform
- Political Geography:
- Europe and North America
29. NATO Initiatives for an Era of Global Competition
- Author:
- Franklin D. Kramer
- Publication Date:
- 03-2010
- Content Type:
- Policy Brief
- Institution:
- Atlantic Council
- Abstract:
- The transatlantic partnership has historically been at the heart of U.S. foreign policy, and the North Atlantic Treaty Organization has been at the heart of the partnership. But the factors that long made "transatlantic" the dominant foreign policy construct have fundamentally changed – and with it has come a need for concomitant strategic and operational changes to meet new requirements.
- Topic:
- Foreign Policy, Economics, International Cooperation, and Reform
- Political Geography:
- Afghanistan, United States, Europe, and North America
30. Bulgaria Energy Sector
- Author:
- Boyko Nitzov, Ruslan Stefanov, Valentina Nikolova, and Dobromir Hristov
- Publication Date:
- 04-2010
- Content Type:
- Policy Brief
- Institution:
- Atlantic Council
- Abstract:
- Energy security in Central-Eastern Europe and the Black Sea region is fraught with risks. By virtue of its geography, Bulgaria finds itself in a difficult nexus, drawn into Eurasia's contentious energy geopolitics and as a European Union member, involved in the Union's fragmented energy policy and complex regulatory, energy efficiency and climate change objectives. That position is challenging, but it also presents decision-makers in Sofia with opportunities.
- Topic:
- Economics, Energy Policy, and Reform
- Political Geography:
- Europe, Central Asia, and Bulgaria
31. International Maritime Safety and Security Exchange: A Promising Business Model for Global Maritime Safety and Security
- Author:
- Harry G. Ulrich
- Publication Date:
- 07-2010
- Content Type:
- Policy Brief
- Institution:
- Atlantic Council
- Abstract:
- The United States Government experienced a remarkable rebirth in aviation security after 9/11. We have become familiar with air marshals, enhanced baggage screening, passenger information exchanges, no-fly lists, body scanning and travel document standardization. As our image of aviation security matures, we have become more accepting of previously objectionable government-authorized technological applications, routines and procedures. In fact, we are much more appreciative of the persistent dimension of aviation security, especially after the attempted hijacking or destruction of American Airlines Flight 63 by the "shoe bomber" Richard Reid on December 22, 2001 or more recently Northwest Airlines Flight 253 on December 25, 2009 by Umar Farouk Abdulmutallab.
- Topic:
- Maritime Commerce and Reform
- Political Geography:
- United States and North America
32. Deploying Knowledge: Reforming and Modernizing NATO Defense Education
- Author:
- Julian Lindley-French and Harlan Ullman
- Publication Date:
- 06-2010
- Content Type:
- Policy Brief
- Institution:
- Atlantic Council
- Abstract:
- NATO must do more with less. The only way this can work is to exercise our intellects and brainpower. That leads to the absolute need for a continuous learning process in which knowledge and understanding are the goals. The complexity of the strategic environment demands no less. This applies to all ranks and services.
- Topic:
- Foreign Policy, Defense Policy, and Reform
- Political Geography:
- Europe and North America
33. Save NATO: Merge it with CSDP
- Author:
- Sarwar A. Kashmeri
- Publication Date:
- 11-2010
- Content Type:
- Policy Brief
- Institution:
- Atlantic Council
- Abstract:
- General Brent Scowcroft, dean of the American foreign policy establishment, has proposed a deceptively simple test to determine whether NATO is still relevant. His test is a question: "What is NATO for? "
- Topic:
- Defense Policy and Reform
- Political Geography:
- United States, Europe, and North America
34. New Transatlantic Compact for NATO
- Author:
- Kurt Volker
- Publication Date:
- 12-2009
- Content Type:
- Policy Brief
- Institution:
- Atlantic Council
- Abstract:
- Twenty years after the fall of the Berlin Wall, NATO stands at a crossroads. Will it reinvent itself yet again, to serve as the foundation for the security and defense of Europe and North America in a world of diverse, non-conventional threats, many of which come from outside of Europe? Will it return to a passive, geographically defined approach of protecting the territory of European Allies against armed attack? Will it merge these visions into a new hybrid? Will it retain the political will and resource commitments of its members, whether in Europe or North America?
- Topic:
- NATO, International Cooperation, and Reform
- Political Geography:
- Europe and North America